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Chapter 18
1
numbered Exod 17:9; Josh 8:10
captains of thousands 1Sam 8:12
2
a third part Judg 7:16, Judg 7:19, Judg 9:43
the hand of Joab 2Sam 10:7-10
Ittai 2Sam 15:19-22
I will surely 2Sam 17:11; Ps 3:6, Ps 27:1-3, Ps 118:6-8
3
Thou shalt 2Sam 21:17
if we flee 2Sam 17:2; 1Kgs 22:31; Zech 13:7
care for us Heb. set their heart on us
but now The particle attah, Now, is doubtless a mistake for the pronoun attah, Thou, and so it appears to have been read by the LXX, Vulgate, and Chaldee, and by two of Kennicott's and De Rossi's manuscripts.
worth etc. Heb. as ten thousand of us, Lam 4:20
succour Heb. be to succour, 2Sam 10:11; Exod 17:10-12
4
by the gate 2Sam 18:24; Isa 28:6
by hundreds David's small company, by this time, was greatly recruited; but what its number was we cannot tell. Josephus says it amounted only to 4,000 men. 2Sam 18:1; 1Sam 29:2
5
Deal gently 2Sam 16:11, 2Sam 17:1-4, 2Sam 17:14; Deut 21:18-21; Ps 103:13; Luke 23:34
all the people 2Sam 18:12
6
wood of Ephraim The wood of Ephraim was evidently beyond Jordan, and apparently not far from Mahanaim; and it is supposed to be the place where the Ephraimites were slain by Jephthah. Josh 17:15, Josh 17:18; Judg 12:4-6
7
the people 2Sam 2:17, 2Sam 15:6, 2Sam 19:41-43
a great Prov 11:21, Prov 24:21
twenty thousand men 2Sam 2:26, 2Sam 2:31; 2Chr 13:16-17, 2Chr 28:6
8
in the wood, That is, probably, many more were slain in pursuit through the wood than in the battle, by falling into swamps, pits, etc., and being entangled and cut down by David's men. Such is the relation of Josephus; but the Chaldee, Syriac, and Arabic state, that they were devoured by wild beasts in the wood. Exod 15:10; Josh 10:11; Judg 5:20-21; 1Kgs 20:30; Ps 3:7, Ps 43:1
devoured more Heb. multiplied to devour
9
his head Riding furiously under the thick boughs of a great oak, which hung low and had never been cropped, either the twisted branches, or some low forked bough of the tree, caught him by the neck, or, as some think, by the loops into which his long hair had been pinned, which had been so much his pride, and was now justly made a halter for him. He may have hung so low from the bough, in consequence of the length of his hair, that he could not use his hands to help himself, or so entangled that his hands were bound, so that the more he struggled the more he was embarrassed. This set him up as a fair mark to the servants of David; and although David would have spared his rebellious son, if his orders had been executed, yet he could not turn the sword of Divine justice, in executing the just, righteous sentence of death on this traitorous son. 2Sam 18:14, 2Sam 14:26, 2Sam 17:23; Matt 27:5
taken up Deut 21:23, Deut 27:16, Deut 27:20; Job 18:8-10, Job 31:3; Ps 63:9-10; Prov 20:20, Prov 30:17; Jer 48:44; Mark 7:10; Gal 3:13
12
receive etc. Heb. weigh upon mine hand
in our hearing 2Sam 18:5
Beware etc. Heb. Beware, whosoever ye be, of the, etc
13
wrought 2Sam 1:15-16, 2Sam 4:10-12
for there is no 2Sam 14:19-20; Heb 4:13
14
with thee Heb. before thee
thrust them 2Sam 18:5; Judg 4:21, Judg 5:26, Judg 5:31; Ps 45:5; 1Thess 5:3
midst Heb. heart, Matt 12:40
16
blew the trumpet 2Sam 2:28, 2Sam 20:22; Num 10:2-10; 1Cor 14:8
17
laid This was the ancient method of burying, whether heroes or traitors; the heap of stones being designed to perpetuate the memory of the event, whether good or bad. The Arabs in general make use of no other monument than a heap of stones over a grave. Thus, in an Arabic poem, it is related, that Hatim the father, and Adi the grandfather of Kais, having been murdered, at a time before Kais was capable of reflection, his mother kept it a profound secret; and in order to guard him against having any suspicion, she collected a parcel of stone on two hillocks in the neighbourhood, and told her son that the one was the grave of his father, and the other of his grandfather. The ancient cairns in Ireland and Scotland, and the tumuli in England, are of this kind. Josh 7:26, Josh 8:29, Josh 10:27; Prov 10:7; Jer 22:18-19
18
reared up 1Sam 15:12
the king's Gen 14:17
I have no son 2Sam 14:27; Job 18:16-17; Ps 109:13; Jer 22:30
he called Gen 11:4; 1Sam 15:12; Ps 49:11; Dan 4:30
Absalom's place Josephus says there was in his time, about two furlongs from Jerusalem, a marble pillar called Absalom's hand, as it is in the Hebrew (see note on 1Sam 15:12); and there is one shown to the present day, in the valley of Jehoshaphat, which, though comparatively a modern structure, probably occupies the site of the original one set up by Absalom. Gen 11:9; Acts 1:18-19
19
Ahimaaz 2Sam 18:23, 2Sam 18:27-29, 2Sam 15:36, 2Sam 17:17
avenged him Heb. judged him from the hand, etc. Ps 7:6, Ps 7:8-9, Ps 9:4, Ps 9:16, Ps 10:14, Ps 10:18; Rom 12:19
20
bear tidings Heb. be a man of tidings, 2Sam 17:16-21
because 2Sam 18:5, 2Sam 18:27, 2Sam 18:29, 2Sam 18:33
22
howsoever Heb. be what may
ready or, convenient, Rom 1:28; Eph 5:4
23
overran Cushi John 20:4
24
between 2Sam 18:4; 1Sam 4:13
the watchman 2Kgs 9:17-20; Isa 21:6-9, Isa 21:11-12; Ezek 33:2-7
27
thinketh Heb. I see, 2Kgs 9:20
He is a good 1Kgs 1:42; Prov 25:13, Prov 25:25; Isa 52:7; Rom 10:15
28
All is well or, Peace be to thee, Heb. Peace, he fell down upon his face, This act was not only in reverence to the king, but in humble adoration of God, whose name he praises for this victory. The more our hearts are fixed and enlarged, in thanksgiving to God for our mercies, the better disposed we shall be to bear with patience the afflictions mixed with them. 2Sam 1:2, 2Sam 14:4
Blessed 2Sam 22:27; Gen 14:20, Gen 24:27; 2Chr 20:26; Ps 115:1, Ps 124:6, Ps 144:1-2; Rev 19:1-3
delivered up Heb. shut up, 1Sam 24:18, 1Sam 26:8; Ps 31:8
29
Is the young man Absalom safe Heb. is there peace to, etc. I saw a great. 2Sam 18:19-20, 2Sam 18:22
31
Tidings Heb. Tidings is brought
the Lord 2Sam 18:19, 2Sam 18:28, 2Sam 22:48-49; Deut 32:35-36; Ps 58:10, Ps 94:1-4, Ps 124:2-3; Luke 18:7-8; Cushi was the man Joab ordered to carry the tidings to David. He was an Ethiopian, as his name signifies, and some think he was so by birth - a black, who waited on Joab, probably one of the ten who had helped to dispatch Absalom; though it was dangerous for one of those to bring the news to David, lest his fate should be the same with theirs that reported the death of Saul and Ishbosheth to him.
32
The enemies Thus Cushi obliquely and slowly informs David of the death of his son Absalom. Judg 5:31; Ps 68:1-2; Dan 4:19
33
O my son 2Sam 19:4
would God 2Sam 12:10-23; Ps 103:13; Prov 10:1, Prov 17:25; Jas 5:17
1
numbered Exod 17:9; Josh 8:10
captains of thousands 1Sam 8:12
2
a third part Judg 7:16, Judg 7:19, Judg 9:43
the hand of Joab 2Sam 10:7-10
Ittai 2Sam 15:19-22
I will surely 2Sam 17:11; Ps 3:6, Ps 27:1-3, Ps 118:6-8
3
Thou shalt 2Sam 21:17
if we flee 2Sam 17:2; 1Kgs 22:31; Zech 13:7
care for us Heb. set their heart on us
but now The particle attah, Now, is doubtless a mistake for the pronoun attah, Thou, and so it appears to have been read by the LXX, Vulgate, and Chaldee, and by two of Kennicott's and De Rossi's manuscripts.
worth etc. Heb. as ten thousand of us, Lam 4:20
succour Heb. be to succour, 2Sam 10:11; Exod 17:10-12
4
by the gate 2Sam 18:24; Isa 28:6
by hundreds David's small company, by this time, was greatly recruited; but what its number was we cannot tell. Josephus says it amounted only to 4,000 men. 2Sam 18:1; 1Sam 29:2
5
Deal gently 2Sam 16:11, 2Sam 17:1-4, 2Sam 17:14; Deut 21:18-21; Ps 103:13; Luke 23:34
all the people 2Sam 18:12
6
wood of Ephraim The wood of Ephraim was evidently beyond Jordan, and apparently not far from Mahanaim; and it is supposed to be the place where the Ephraimites were slain by Jephthah. Josh 17:15, Josh 17:18; Judg 12:4-6
7
the people 2Sam 2:17, 2Sam 15:6, 2Sam 19:41-43
a great Prov 11:21, Prov 24:21
twenty thousand men 2Sam 2:26, 2Sam 2:31; 2Chr 13:16-17, 2Chr 28:6
8
in the wood, That is, probably, many more were slain in pursuit through the wood than in the battle, by falling into swamps, pits, etc., and being entangled and cut down by David's men. Such is the relation of Josephus; but the Chaldee, Syriac, and Arabic state, that they were devoured by wild beasts in the wood. Exod 15:10; Josh 10:11; Judg 5:20-21; 1Kgs 20:30; Ps 3:7, Ps 43:1
devoured more Heb. multiplied to devour
9
his head Riding furiously under the thick boughs of a great oak, which hung low and had never been cropped, either the twisted branches, or some low forked bough of the tree, caught him by the neck, or, as some think, by the loops into which his long hair had been pinned, which had been so much his pride, and was now justly made a halter for him. He may have hung so low from the bough, in consequence of the length of his hair, that he could not use his hands to help himself, or so entangled that his hands were bound, so that the more he struggled the more he was embarrassed. This set him up as a fair mark to the servants of David; and although David would have spared his rebellious son, if his orders had been executed, yet he could not turn the sword of Divine justice, in executing the just, righteous sentence of death on this traitorous son. 2Sam 18:14, 2Sam 14:26, 2Sam 17:23; Matt 27:5
taken up Deut 21:23, Deut 27:16, Deut 27:20; Job 18:8-10, Job 31:3; Ps 63:9-10; Prov 20:20, Prov 30:17; Jer 48:44; Mark 7:10; Gal 3:13
12
receive etc. Heb. weigh upon mine hand
in our hearing 2Sam 18:5
Beware etc. Heb. Beware, whosoever ye be, of the, etc
13
wrought 2Sam 1:15-16, 2Sam 4:10-12
for there is no 2Sam 14:19-20; Heb 4:13
14
with thee Heb. before thee
thrust them 2Sam 18:5; Judg 4:21, Judg 5:26, Judg 5:31; Ps 45:5; 1Thess 5:3
midst Heb. heart, Matt 12:40
16
blew the trumpet 2Sam 2:28, 2Sam 20:22; Num 10:2-10; 1Cor 14:8
17
laid This was the ancient method of burying, whether heroes or traitors; the heap of stones being designed to perpetuate the memory of the event, whether good or bad. The Arabs in general make use of no other monument than a heap of stones over a grave. Thus, in an Arabic poem, it is related, that Hatim the father, and Adi the grandfather of Kais, having been murdered, at a time before Kais was capable of reflection, his mother kept it a profound secret; and in order to guard him against having any suspicion, she collected a parcel of stone on two hillocks in the neighbourhood, and told her son that the one was the grave of his father, and the other of his grandfather. The ancient cairns in Ireland and Scotland, and the tumuli in England, are of this kind. Josh 7:26, Josh 8:29, Josh 10:27; Prov 10:7; Jer 22:18-19
18
reared up 1Sam 15:12
the king's Gen 14:17
I have no son 2Sam 14:27; Job 18:16-17; Ps 109:13; Jer 22:30
he called Gen 11:4; 1Sam 15:12; Ps 49:11; Dan 4:30
Absalom's place Josephus says there was in his time, about two furlongs from Jerusalem, a marble pillar called Absalom's hand, as it is in the Hebrew (see note on 1Sam 15:12); and there is one shown to the present day, in the valley of Jehoshaphat, which, though comparatively a modern structure, probably occupies the site of the original one set up by Absalom. Gen 11:9; Acts 1:18-19
19
Ahimaaz 2Sam 18:23, 2Sam 18:27-29, 2Sam 15:36, 2Sam 17:17
avenged him Heb. judged him from the hand, etc. Ps 7:6, Ps 7:8-9, Ps 9:4, Ps 9:16, Ps 10:14, Ps 10:18; Rom 12:19
20
bear tidings Heb. be a man of tidings, 2Sam 17:16-21
because 2Sam 18:5, 2Sam 18:27, 2Sam 18:29, 2Sam 18:33
22
howsoever Heb. be what may
ready or, convenient, Rom 1:28; Eph 5:4
23
overran Cushi John 20:4
24
between 2Sam 18:4; 1Sam 4:13
the watchman 2Kgs 9:17-20; Isa 21:6-9, Isa 21:11-12; Ezek 33:2-7
27
thinketh Heb. I see, 2Kgs 9:20
He is a good 1Kgs 1:42; Prov 25:13, Prov 25:25; Isa 52:7; Rom 10:15
28
All is well or, Peace be to thee, Heb. Peace, he fell down upon his face, This act was not only in reverence to the king, but in humble adoration of God, whose name he praises for this victory. The more our hearts are fixed and enlarged, in thanksgiving to God for our mercies, the better disposed we shall be to bear with patience the afflictions mixed with them. 2Sam 1:2, 2Sam 14:4
Blessed 2Sam 22:27; Gen 14:20, Gen 24:27; 2Chr 20:26; Ps 115:1, Ps 124:6, Ps 144:1-2; Rev 19:1-3
delivered up Heb. shut up, 1Sam 24:18, 1Sam 26:8; Ps 31:8
29
Is the young man Absalom safe Heb. is there peace to, etc. I saw a great. 2Sam 18:19-20, 2Sam 18:22
31
Tidings Heb. Tidings is brought
the Lord 2Sam 18:19, 2Sam 18:28, 2Sam 22:48-49; Deut 32:35-36; Ps 58:10, Ps 94:1-4, Ps 124:2-3; Luke 18:7-8; Cushi was the man Joab ordered to carry the tidings to David. He was an Ethiopian, as his name signifies, and some think he was so by birth - a black, who waited on Joab, probably one of the ten who had helped to dispatch Absalom; though it was dangerous for one of those to bring the news to David, lest his fate should be the same with theirs that reported the death of Saul and Ishbosheth to him.
32
The enemies Thus Cushi obliquely and slowly informs David of the death of his son Absalom. Judg 5:31; Ps 68:1-2; Dan 4:19
33
O my son 2Sam 19:4
would God 2Sam 12:10-23; Ps 103:13; Prov 10:1, Prov 17:25; Jas 5:17