Chapter 28

1
take Lev 8:2; Num 16:9-11, Num 17:2-9; 2Chr 26:18-21; Heb 5:1-5

among Exod 28:41, Exod 29:1, Exod 29:9, Exod 29:44, Exod 30:30, Exod 31:10, Exod 35:19; Num 18:7; Deut 10:6; 1Chr 6:10; 2Chr 11:14; Luke 1:8

Nadab Exod 6:23, Exod 24:1, Exod 24:9; Lev 10:1, Lev 10:12; Num 2:4, Num 26:61; 1Chr 24:1-4


2
holy garments Exod 29:5-9, Exod 29:29-30, Exod 31:10, Exod 39:1-2, Exod 40:13; Lev 8:7-9, Lev 8:30; Num 20:26-28; Ps 132:9, Ps 132:16; Isa 61:3, Isa 61:10, Isa 64:6; Zech 3:3-4; Rom 3:22, Rom 13:14; Gal 3:27; Heb 7:26; Rev 19:8

glory Exod 28:40, Exod 19:5-6; Num 27:20-21; Job 40:10; Ps 90:16-17, Ps 96:6, Ps 149:4; Isa 4:2; Jer 9:23-24; John 1:14; 1Cor 1:30-31; Heb 2:9; 2Pet 1:17; 1John 3:2; Rev 5:10, Rev 19:8


3
wise hearted Exod 31:3-6, Exod 35:30, Exod 35:35, Exod 36:1-2; Prov 2:6; Isa 28:24-26

filled Deut 34:9; Isa 11:2; 1Cor 12:7-11; Eph 1:17; Jas 1:17


4
a breastplate Choshen, in Hebrew is used for the square breast-plate of the high priest, in which were set twelve precious stones, each being engraved with the name of one of the sons of Jacob. Exod 28:15, Exod 39:8-21; Isa 59:17; Eph 6:14; 1Thess 5:8; Rev 9:17

ephod The ephod seems to have been a short cloak, without sleeves. Exod 28:6-14, Exod 39:2-5, Exod 39:21-22; Lev 8:7-8; 1Sam 2:18, 1Sam 22:18, 1Sam 23:6, 1Sam 30:7; 2Sam 6:14

a robe The word meil, from âlah, to ascend, go up on, may be considered as an upper garment that goes up or over the rest, a surtout. Exod 28:31-34, Exod 39:25-26

broidered Exod 28:29, Exod 28:40; Lev 8:7

a mitre Exod 39:28; Lev 8:9

a girdle Isa 11:5


5
gold Exod 25:3-4, Exod 39:2-3


6
linen Exod 26:1


7
Exod 39:4


8
curious or, embroidered, Exod 28:27-28, Exod 29:5, Exod 39:20-21; Lev 8:7; Isa 11:5; 1Pet 1:13; Rev 1:13


9
onyx Exod 28:20, Exod 39:13; Gen 2:12; Job 28:16; Ezek 28:13

grave Exod 28:36, Exod 39:6; 2Chr 2:7; Song 8:6; Isa 49:16


10
according to their birth Exod 1:1-4; Gen 43:33


11
engravings of a signet Exod 28:21, Exod 28:36; Jer 22:24; Zech 3:9; Eph 1:13, Eph 4:30; 2Tim 2:19; Rev 7:2

ouches of gold Exod 28:13-14, Exod 28:25, Exod 39:6, Exod 39:13, Exod 39:18


12
the shoulders Exod 28:7; Ps 89:19; Isa 9:6, Isa 12:2; Zech 6:13-14; Heb 7:25-28

Aaron shall bear Exod 28:29, Exod 39:6-7

for a memorial Exod 12:14, Exod 13:9, Exod 39:7; Gen 9:12-17; Lev 24:7; Num 16:40, Num 31:54; Josh 4:7; Isa 62:6; Zech 6:14; Luke 1:54, Luke 1:72; Acts 10:4


14
chains of Exod 28:24, Exod 39:15

of wreathen Exod 28:22-25, Exod 39:17-18; 1Kgs 7:17; 2Kgs 25:17; 2Chr 4:12-13


15
the breastplate Exod 28:4, Exod 28:30, Exod 39:8; Lev 8:8

after Exod 28:6, Exod 26:1


17
thou shalt Exod 28:9, Exod 28:11, Exod 39:10-21; Mal 3:17

set in it settings of stones Heb. fill in its fillings of stone

the first row Ezek 28:13; Rev 21:19-21

a sardius or, ruby, The Hebrew odem, from adam, to be red, ruddy, seems to denote the ruby; as adam does in Persian a beautiful gem, of a fine deep red colour, with a mixture of purple. Job 28:18; Prov 3:15, Prov 8:11, Prov 20:15, Prov 31:10; Lam 4:7

a topaz Pitdah, is constantly rendered by the LXX τοπαζιον, and Vulgate, topazius, with which agrees Josephus. The topaz is a precious stone, of a pale, dead green, with a mixture of yellow, sometimes of a fine yellow; and hence called chrysolyte by the moderns, from its gold colour. Job 28:19; Rev 21:20

a carbuncle Bareketh, from barak, to lighten, glitter, a very elegant gem, of a deep red colour, with a mixture of scarlet. Isa 54:11-12


18
emerald Nophech, an emerald, the same with the ancient smaragdus; one of the most beautiful of all the gems, and of a bright green colour, without any mixture. Exod 39:11; Ezek 27:16

sapphire Exod 24:10; Job 28:6, Job 28:16; Song 5:14; Ezek 1:26, Ezek 10:1; Rev 4:3

diamond Jer 17:1; Ezek 28:13


19
a ligure Exod 39:12

an agate Isa 54:12


20
a beryl Ezek 1:16, Ezek 10:9; Dan 10:6; Rev 21:20

an onyx Exod 28:9

a jasper Rev 4:3, Rev 21:11, Rev 21:18-20

enclosings Heb. fillings, Exod 28:13


21
twelve Exod 28:9-11

according to the twelve 1Kgs 18:31; Luke 22:30; Jas 1:1; Rev 7:4-8, Rev 21:12


22
Exod 28:14


23
Exod 25:11-15


25
wreathen chains Exod 28:14, Exod 39:15

on the shoulder pieces Exod 28:7

of the ephod Exod 39:4


27
the curious girdle Exod 28:8


28
a lace Exod 28:31, Exod 28:37, Exod 39:30-31; Num 15:38


29
in the Exod 28:15, Exod 28:30

upon Exod 28:12; Jer 30:21; Rom 10:1

a Song 8:6; Isa 49:15-16


30
the Urim and Thummim, ΰϊ ΰεψιν εΰϊ δϊξιν the Urim and Thummim, lights and perfections; rendered by the LXX δηλωσιϚ και αληθεια, manifestation and truth; and, by the Vulgate, doctrina et veritas, doctrine and truth. Among the various and contradictory opinions respecting the form and substance of these mysterious appendages, the most probable seems to be that of Josephus, Philo, Bp. Patrick, Parkhurst, and the Jewish writers generally; who state, that they were no other than the twelve precious stones of the high priest's breastplate. In support of this statement, it is observed:

1. That in the description of the high priest's breastplate, Exod 39:8, et seq., the Urim and Thummim are not mentioned, but only the rows of stones; and on the contrary, in Lev 8:8, the Urim and Thummim are expressly mentioned, but not a word is said of the four rows of stones.

2. As Moses has given such a particular description of every thing relative to the high priest's dress, these would certainly have been described had they been different from what was previously mentioned. Lev 8:8; Num 27:21; Deut 33:8; Judg 1:1, Judg 20:18, Judg 20:23, Judg 20:27-28; 1Sam 23:9-12; 1Sam 28:6, 1Sam 30:7-8; Ezra 2:63; Neh 7:65

bear the judgment Zech 6:13

upon his heart 2Cor 6:11-12, 2Cor 7:3, 2Cor 12:15; Phil 1:7-8; Heb 2:17, Heb 4:15, Heb 9:12, Heb 9:24


31
Exod 28:4, Exod 28:28, Exod 39:22; Lev 8:7


32
as it were Exod 39:28; 2Chr 26:14; Neh 4:16; Job 41:26

that it be not rent John 19:23-24; Eph 4:3-16


33
And Exod 39:24-26

hem or, skirts

pomegranates 1Kgs 7:18; 2Kgs 25:17

bells Zech 14:20


34
Ps 89:15; Song 2:3, Song 4:3, Song 4:13, Song 6:7, Song 6:11, Song 8:2; John 15:4-8, John 15:16; Col 1:5-6, Col 1:10


35
goeth in Lev 16:2; Heb 9:12


36
a plate of pure gold The word tzitz, which we translate a plate, properly signifies a flower. It is rendered by the LXX πεταλον, a leaf, and is called nezer, a crown in Exod 29:6 and διαδημα, a diadem, by the author of the book of Wisdom, 28:24. Josephus says that it was adorned with three rows of the flower which the Greeks call κυανος. It was two fingers broad, of a circular form, suited to the shape of the head, and so long that it reached from ear to ear, and was fastened upon a blue lace or ribband, which was tied behind the head; and as the plate reached only half round the head, the remaining part of the ribband was highly ornamented with artificial flowers.

grave upon it Exod 28:9, Exod 28:11

HOLINESS Exod 39:30; Lev 8:9, Lev 10:3, Lev 19:2; Ps 93:5; Ezek 43:12; Zech 14:20; Heb 7:26; Heb 12:14; 1Pet 1:15-16, 1Pet 2:9; Rev 21:27


37
blue Exod 28:28, Exod 28:31; Num 15:38

the mitre it Exod 28:4, Exod 29:6, Exod 39:30-31; Lev 8:9; Zech 3:5


38
bear the iniquity Exod 28:43; Lev 10:17, Lev 22:9; Num 18:1; Isa 53:6, Isa 53:11-12; Ezek 4:4-6; John 1:29; 2Cor 5:21; Heb 9:28; 1Pet 2:24, 1Pet 3:18

accepted Lev 1:4, Lev 22:27, Lev 23:11; Isa 56:7, Isa 60:7; Eph 1:6; 1Pet 2:5


39
embroider Exod 28:4

the girdle Exod 28:8

needlework Ps 45:14


40
Aaron's Exod 28:4, Exod 39:27, Exod 39:29, Exod 39:41; Lev 8:13; Ezek 44:17-18

bonnets Exod 29:9

glory Exod 28:2; 1Tim 2:9-10, 1Tim 6:9-11; Titus 2:7, Titus 2:10; 1Pet 3:3-4, 1Pet 5:5


41
anoint them Exod 29:7, Exod 30:23-30, Exod 40:15; Lev 10:7; Isa 10:27, Isa 61:1; John 3:34; 2Cor 1:21-22; 1John 2:20, 1John 2:27

and consecrate them Heb. fill their hand, Exod 29:9, Exod 29:24, Exod 29:35; Lev 8:1-36; Num 3:3; Ezek 43:26; Heb 5:4, Heb 7:28

minister Exod 28:1, Exod 28:4


42
breeches Exod 20:26, Exod 39:28; Lev 6:10, Lev 16:4; Ezek 44:18; Rev 3:18

their nakedness Heb. flesh of their nakedness

reach Heb. be.


43
unto the altar Exod 20:26

bear not iniquity Lev 5:1, Lev 5:17, Lev 20:19-20, Lev 22:9; Num 9:13, Num 18:22; Matt 22:12-13

a statute Exod 27:21; Lev 17:7


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