Chapter 19

1
Pilate Matt 27:26-31; Mark 15:15-20; Luke 23:16, Luke 23:23

scourged Ps 129:3; Isa 50:6, Isa 53:5; Matt 20:19, Matt 23:34; Mark 10:33-34; Luke 18:33; Acts 16:22-23, Acts 22:24-25; 2Cor 11:24; Heb 11:36; 1Pet 2:24


2
the soldiers John 19:5; Ps 22:6; Isa 49:7, Isa 53:3; Matt 27:27-31; Mark 15:17-20; Luke 23:11


3
Hail Matt 26:49, Matt 27:29; Luke 1:28

King John 19:19-22, John 18:33


4
that ye John 19:6, John 18:38; Matt 27:4, Matt 27:19, Matt 27:24, Matt 27:54; Luke 23:41, Luke 23:47; 2Cor 5:21; Heb 7:26; 1Pet 1:19; 1Pet 2:22, 1Pet 3:18; 1John 3:5


5
Behold John 1:29; Isa 7:14, Isa 40:9, Isa 43:1; Lam 1:12; Heb 12:2


6
the chief priests John 19:15; Matt 27:22; Mark 15:12-15; Luke 22:21-23; Acts 2:23, Acts 3:13-15, Acts 7:52; Acts 13:27-29

Take Pilate neither did nor could say this seriously; for crucifixion was not a Jewish but a Roman mode of punishment. The cross was made of two beams, either crossing at the top, at right angles, like a T, or in the middle of their length like an X; with a piece on the centre of the transverse beam for the accusation, and another piece projecting from the middle, on which the person sat. The cross on which our Lord suffered was of the former kind, being thus represented on all old monuments, coins, and crosses. The body was usually fastened to the upright beam by nailing the feet to it, and on the transverse piece by nailing the hands; and the person was frequently permitted to hang in this situation till he perished through agony and lack of food. This horrible punishment was usually inflicted only on slaves for the worst of crimes. John 18:31; Matt 27:24


7
We have Lev 24:16; Deut 18:20

because John 5:18, John 8:58-59, John 10:30-33, John 10:36-38; Matt 26:63-66, Matt 27:42-43; Mark 14:61-64; Mark 15:39; Rom 1:4


8
heard John 19:13; Acts 14:11-19


9
Whence John 8:14, John 9:29-30; Judg 13:6

But Ps 38:13-15; Isa 53:7; Matt 27:12-14; Mark 15:3-5; Acts 8:32-33; Phil 1:28


10
knowest John 18:39; Dan 3:14-15, Dan 5:19


11
Thou John 3:27, John 7:30; Gen 45:7-8; Exod 9:14-16; 1Chr 29:11; Ps 39:9, Ps 62:11; Jer 27:5-8; Lam 3:37; Dan 4:17, Dan 4:25, Dan 4:32, Dan 4:35, Dan 5:21; Matt 6:13; Luke 22:53; Acts 2:23, Acts 4:28; Rom 11:36, Rom 13:1; Jas 1:17

he John 11:49-50, John 18:3; Matt 26:65, Matt 27:2; Mark 14:44

the greater John 9:41, John 15:22-24; Luke 7:41-42, Luke 10:11-14, Luke 12:47-48; Heb 6:4-8; Jas 4:17


12
from Mark 6:16-26; Acts 24:24-27

thou art John 18:33-36; Luke 23:2-5; Acts 17:6-7


13
heard John 19:8; Prov 29:25; Isa 51:12-13, Isa 57:11; Luke 12:5; Acts 4:19

and sat Ps 58:1-2, Ps 82:5-7, Ps 94:20-21; Eccl 5:8; Amos 4:7


14
the preparation John 19:31-32, John 19:42; Matt 27:62; Mark 15:42; Luke 23:54

the sixth Instead of εκτη G1623, sixth, several manuscripts and fathers have τριτη G5154, third, as in the parallel place. Mark 15:25, Mark 15:33-34

Behold John 19:3, John 19:5, John 19:19-22


15
Away John 19:6; Luke 23:18; Acts 21:36, Acts 22:22

We have John 18:31; Gen 49:10; Ezek 21:26-27


16
Matt 27:26-31; Mark 15:15-20; Luke 23:24


17
he Matt 10:38, Matt 16:24, Matt 27:31-33; Mark 8:34, Mark 10:21, Mark 15:21-22; Luke 9:23, Luke 14:27; Luke 23:26, Luke 23:33

went Lev 16:21-22, Lev 24:14; Num 15:35-36; 1Kgs 21:13; Luke 23:33; Acts 7:58; Heb 13:11-13

Golgotha Golgotha, of which Κρανιον G2898 and Calvaria are merely translations, is supposed to have been a hill, or a rising on a greater hill, on the north-west of Jerusalem. Matt 27:33-34; Mark 15:21-22; Luke 23:33


18
John 18:32; Ps 22:16; Isa 53:12; Matt 27:35-38, Matt 27:44; Mark 15:24-28; Luke 23:32-34; Gal 3:13; Heb 12:2


19
wrote Matt 27:37; Mark 15:26; Luke 23:38

And the The apparent discrepancy between the accounts of this title given by the Evangelists, which has been urged as an objection against their inspiration and veracity, has been most satisfactorily accounted for by Dr. Townson; who supposes that, as it was written in Hebrew, Greek, and Latin, it might have slightly varied in each language; and that, as Luke and John wrote for the Gentiles, they would prefer the Greek inscription, that Matthew, addressing the Jews, would use the Hebrew, and that Mark, writing to the Romans, would naturally give the Latin.

Jesus John 19:3, John 19:12, John 1:45-46, John 1:49, John 18:33; Acts 3:6, Acts 26:9


20
in John 19:13, John 5:2; Acts 21:40, Acts 22:2, Acts 26:14; Rev 16:16

and Greek Acts 21:37; Rev 9:11


22
What John 19:12; Ps 65:7, Ps 76:10; Prov 8:29


23
the soldiers Matt 27:35; Mark 15:24; Luke 23:34

now Such was the χιτων G5509, or coat, of the Jewish high-priest, as described by Josephus.

woven or, wrought, Exod 39:22-23


24
that John 19:28, John 19:36-37, John 10:35, John 12:38-39

They parted Ps 22:18; Isa 10:7; Acts 13:27


25
his mother Luke 2:35

and his Matt 27:55-56; Mark 15:40-41; Luke 23:49

Cleophas or, Cleopas, Luke 24:18

and Mary John 20:1, John 20:11-18; Mark 16:9; Luke 8:2


26
whom John 13:23, John 20:2, John 21:7, John 21:20, John 21:24

Woman John 2:4


27
Behold Gen 45:8, Gen 47:12; Matt 12:48-50, Matt 25:40; Mark 3:34; 1Tim 5:2-4

took 1John 3:18-19

his John 1:11, John 16:32


28
Jesus John 19:30, John 13:1, John 18:4; Luke 9:31, Luke 12:50, Luke 18:31, Luke 22:37; Acts 13:29

that the Ps 22:15, Ps 69:21


29
was set Matt 27:34, Matt 27:48; Mark 15:36; Luke 23:36

hyssop This hyssop is termed a reed by Matthew and Mark; and it appears that a species of hyssop, with a reedy stalk, about two feet long, grew about Jerusalem. Exod 12:22; Num 19:18; 1Kgs 4:33; Ps 51:7


30
It is John 19:28 *Gr: John 4:34, John 17:4; Gen 3:15; Ps 22:15; Isa 53:10, Isa 53:12; Dan 9:24, Dan 9:26; Zech 13:7; Matt 3:15; Rom 3:25, Rom 10:4; 1Cor 5:7; Col 2:14-17; Heb 9:11-14, Heb 9:22-28; Heb 10:1-14, Heb 12:2

and he John 10:11, John 10:18; Matt 20:28, Matt 27:50; Mark 15:37; Luke 23:46; Phil 2:8; Heb 2:14-15


31
because John 19:14, John 19:42; Matt 27:62; Mark 15:42

that the Deut 21:22-23

that sabbath Lev 23:7-16

their Lactantius says that it was a custom to break the legs of criminals upon the cross; which was done, we are told, at the instep with an iron mallet; and appears to have been a kind of coup de grace, the sooner to put them out of pain. John 19:1; Prov 12:10; Mic 3:3


32
of the first John 19:18; Luke 23:39-43


34
came John 13:8-10; Ps 51:7; Ezek 36:25; Zech 13:1; Matt 27:62; Acts 22:16; 1Cor 1:30; 1Cor 6:11; Eph 5:26; Titus 2:14, Titus 3:5-7; Heb 9:13, Heb 9:22, Heb 10:19-22; 1Pet 3:21; 1John 1:6-9, 1John 5:6, 1John 5:8; Rev 1:5, Rev 7:14


35
he that John 19:26, John 21:24; Acts 10:39; Heb 2:3-4; 1Pet 5:1; 1John 1:1-3

that ye John 11:15, John 11:42, John 14:29, John 17:20-21, John 20:31; Rom 15:4; 1John 5:13


36
that the Exod 12:46; Num 9:12; Ps 22:14, Ps 34:20, Ps 35:10


37
They Ps 22:16-17; Zech 12:10; Rev 1:7


38
Joseph Matt 27:57-60; Mark 15:42-46; Luke 23:50

but John 9:22, John 12:42; Prov 29:25; Phil 1:14


39
Nicodemus John 3:1-21, John 7:50-52; Matt 12:20, Matt 19:30

a John 12:7; 2Chr 16:14; Song 4:6, Song 4:14


40
wound John 11:44, John 20:5-7; Acts 5:6


41
and in John 20:15; 2Kgs 23:30; Isa 22:16; Matt 27:60, Matt 27:64-66; Luke 23:53


42
laid Ps 22:15; Isa 53:9; Matt 12:40; Acts 13:29; 1Cor 15:4; Col 2:12

because John 19:14, John 19:31


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