Chapter 8

1
Go Jer 1:17-19, Jer 15:19-21; Ezek 2:6-7

Let my Exod 3:12, Exod 3:18, Exod 5:1, Exod 7:16


2
refuse Exod 7:14, Exod 9:2

frogs The Hebrew tzephardêim is evidently the same with the Arabic zafda, Chaldaic oordeânaya, and Syriac oordeai, all of which denote frogs, as almost all interpreters, both ancient and modern, agree to render it; Bochart conceives, from tzifa, a bank, and rada, mud, because of delighting in muddy and marshy places. Ps 78:45, Ps 105:30; Rev 16:13-14


3
kneading troughs, or, dough, Exod 12:34


4
Ps 107:40; Isa 19:11, Isa 19:22, Isa 23:9; Dan 4:37; Acts 12:22-23


5
Exod 7:19


6
and the frogs Whether the frog among the Egyptians was an object of reverence or abhorrence is uncertain. It might have been both at the same time, as many objects are known to have been among particular nations; for proof of which see the very learned Jacob Bryant, on the Plagues of Egypt, pp. 31-34. Lev 11:12; Ps 78:45, Ps 105:30; Rev 16:13


7
Exod 7:11, Exod 7:22; Deut 13:1-3; Matt 24:24; 2Thess 2:9-11; 2Tim 3:8; Rev 13:14


8
Entreat Exod 5:2, Exod 9:28, Exod 10:17; Num 21:7; 1Sam 12:19; 1Kgs 13:6; Acts 8:24

and I will Exod 8:25-28, Exod 10:8-11, Exod 10:24-27, Exod 12:31-32, Exod 14:5; Ps 66:3 *marg. Ps 78:34-36; Jer 34:8-16


9
Glory over me or, Have this honour over me, Judg 7:2; 1Kgs 18:25; Isa 10:15

when or, against when

to destroy Heb. to cut of, Exod 8:13


10
To morrow or, against to-morrow, Prov 27:1; Jas 4:14

there is none Exod 9:14, Exod 9:29, Exod 15:11; Deut 32:31, Deut 33:26; 2Sam 7:22; 1Chr 17:20; Ps 9:16; Ps 83:18, Ps 86:8, Ps 89:6-8; Isa 40:25, Isa 46:9; Jer 10:6-7


11
Exod 8:3, Exod 8:9


12
Exod 8:8, Exod 8:30, Exod 9:33, Exod 10:18, Exod 32:11; 1Sam 12:23; Ezek 36:37; Jas 5:16-18


13
Deut 34:10-12


14
and the Exod 8:24, Exod 7:21; Isa 34:2; Ezek 39:11; Joel 2:20


15
saw Exod 14:5; Eccl 8:11; Isa 26:10; Jer 34:7-11; Hos 6:4

he hardened Exod 4:21, Exod 7:4, Exod 7:13-14; Prov 29:1; Zech 7:11-12; Heb 3:8, Heb 3:15; Rev 16:9


16
Stretch Exod 8:5, Exod 8:17

lice The word kinnim is rendered by the LXX σκιφες, σκιπες, or σκνηφες, and by the Vulgate sciniphes, Gnats; and Mr. Harmer supposes he has found out the true meaning in the word tarrentes, a species of worm. Bochart, however, seems to have proved that lice, and not gnats, are meant; because:

1. They sprang from the dust, and not from the waters;

2. They were on both man and beast, which cannot be said of gnats;

3. Their name is derived from koon, to make firm, fix, establish, which cannot agree with gnats, flies, etc., which are ever changing place, and almost constantly on the wing;

4. The term kinnah is used by the Talmudists to express the louse.

This insect must have been a very dreadful and afflicting plague to the Egyptians, and especially to the priests, who were obliged to shave all their hair off, and to wear a single linen tunic, to prevent vermin harbouring about them.


17
lice in man Ps 105:31; Isa 23:9; Acts 12:23


18
the magicians Exod 7:11

they could Exod 9:11; Gen 41:8; Isa 19:12, Isa 47:12-13; Dan 2:10-11, Dan 4:7, Dan 5:8; Luke 10:18; 2Tim 3:8-9


19
This is 1Sam 6:3, 1Sam 6:9; Ps 8:3; Dan 2:10-11, Dan 2:19; Matt 12:28; Luke 11:20; John 11:47; Acts 4:16

and Pharaoh's Exod 8:15


20
lo Exod 7:15

Let my Exod 8:1


21
swarms or, a mixture of noisome beasts, etc. The word arov is rendered κυνομυια, kunomuia, the dog-fly, by the LXX (who are followed by the learned Bochart), which must have been particularly hateful to the Egyptians, because they held dogs in the highest veneration, under which form they worshipped Anubis. Ps 78:45, Ps 105:31; Isa 7:18


22
sever Exod 9:4, Exod 9:6, Exod 9:26, Exod 10:23, Exod 11:6-7, Exod 12:13; Mal 3:18

know Exod 8:10, Exod 7:17; Ezek 30:19

midst Ps 74:12, Ps 110:2


23
a division Heb. a redemption

to morrow or, by to-morrow


24
there Exod 8:21; Ps 78:45, Ps 105:31

the land How intolerable a plague of flies can prove, is evident from the fact that whole districts have been laid waste by them. The inhabitants have been forced to quit their cities, not being able to stand against the flies and gnats with which they were pestered. Hence different people had deities whose office it was to defend them against flies. Among these may be reckoned Baalzebub, the fly-god of Ekron; Hercules, muscarum abactor, Hercules the expeller of flies; and hence Jupiter had the titles of απομυιος, μυιαγρος, μυιοχορος, because he was supposed to expel flies, and especially clear his temples of these insects. See Bryant. Exod 8:14

corrupted or destroyed


25
Exod 8:8, Exod 9:27, Exod 10:16, Exod 12:31; Rev 3:9


26
It is not Exod 3:18; 2Cor 6:14-17

we shall Gen 43:32, Gen 46:34; Deut 7:25-26, Deut 12:30-31; Ezra 9:1; Isa 44:19

the abomination i.e. The animals which they worshipped; for an account of which, see note on Exod 9:3. 1Kgs 11:5-7; 2Kgs 23:13


27
three days' Exod 3:18, Exod 5:1

as he shall Exod 3:12, Exod 10:26, Exod 34:11; Lev 10:1; Matt 28:20


28
I will Hos 10:2

entreat Exod 8:8, Exod 8:29, Exod 9:28, Exod 10:17; 1Kgs 13:6; Ezra 6:10; Eccl 6:10; Acts 8:24


29
to morrow Exod 8:10

deal Exod 8:8, Exod 8:15; Ps 66:3 *marg. Ps 78:34-37; Jer 42:20-21; Acts 5:3-4; Gal 6:7


30
entreated Exod 8:12, Exod 9:33; Jas 5:16


32
Exod 8:15, Exod 4:21, Exod 7:13-14; Isa 63:17; Acts 28:26-27; Rom 2:5; Jas 1:13-14


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