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Chapter 23
1
am 2989, bc 1015, An, Ex, Is, 476
the last Gen 49:1; Deut 33:1; Josh. 23:1-24:32; Ps 72:20; 2Pet 1:13-15
raised 2Sam 7:8-9; Ps 78:70
the anointed 1Sam 2:10, 1Sam 16:12-13; Ps 2:6, Ps 89:20
sweet psalmist 1Chr 16:4-5, 1Chr 16:7, 1Chr 16:9; Amos 6:5; Luke 20:42, Luke 24:44; Eph 5:19-20; Col 3:16; Jas 5:13
2
Matt 22:43; Mark 12:36; Acts 2:25-31; Heb 3:7-8; 2Pet 1:21
3
God Gen 33:20; Exod 3:15, Exod 19:5-6, Exod 20:2
the Rock 2Sam 22:2, 2Sam 22:32; Deut 32:4, Deut 32:30-31; Ps 42:9
He that ruleth or, Be thou ruler, etc. Ps 110:2
must be just Exod 23:6-8; Deut 16:18-20; Ps 82:3-4; Prov 31:9; Isa 11:4-5, Isa 32:1; Jer 23:5; Zech 9:9; Heb 1:8
ruling Exod 18:21; 2Chr 19:7-9; Neh 5:14
4
as the light Judg 5:31; Ps 89:36, Ps 110:3; Prov 4:18; Isa 60:1, Isa 60:3, Isa 60:18-20; Hos 6:5; Mal 4:2; Luke 1:78-79; John 1:7
morning Hos 6:3
tender Deut 32:2; Ps 72:6; Isa 4:2; Mic 5:7
5
Although 2Sam 7:18, 2Sam 12:10, 2Sam 13:14, 2Sam 13:28, 2Sam 18:14; 1Kgs 1:5, 1Kgs 2:24-25, 1Kgs 11:6-8, 1Kgs 12:14
he hath made 2Sam 7:14-16; 1Chr 17:11-14; Ps 89:3, Ps 89:28; Isa 9:6-7, Isa 55:3, Isa 61:8; Jer 32:40; Jer 33:25-26; Ezek 37:26; Heb 13:20
and sure 1Sam 2:35, 1Sam 25:28; 1Kgs 11:38; Acts 13:34; Heb 6:19
all my salvation Ps 62:2, Ps 119:81
desire Ps 27:4, Ps 63:1-3, Ps 73:25-26
to grow Isa 4:2, Isa 7:14, Isa 9:6-7, Isa 11:1, Isa 27:6; Amos 9:11; 1Cor 3:6-7
6
the sons 2Sam 20:1; Deut 13:13; 1Sam 2:12
thorns Gen 3:18; Song 2:2; Isa 33:12; Ezek 2:6
7
fenced Heb. filled
and they shall 2Sam 22:8-10; Isa 27:4; Matt 3:10-12, Matt 13:42; Luke 19:14, Luke 19:27; John 15:6; 2Thess 1:8, 2Thess 2:8; Heb 6:8
8
am 2949-2989, bc 1055-1015, An, Ex, Is, 436-476, The Tachmonite. or, Josheb-bassebet, the Tachmonite, head of the three. 1Chr 11:11-12, 1Chr 27:2, 1Chr 27:32; It is highly probable that in this version instead of yoshaiv bashshaiveth tachkemoni, we should read yoshavam ben chachmoni, "Joshebeam, son of Hachmoni;' and instead of hoo adino haetzni, hoo orair eth chanitho, "he lift up his spear," which are the readings in the parallel place in Chronicles, where it is also, "three hundred," instead of "eight hundred."
whom he slew Heb. slain
9
Eleazar 1Chr 11:12-14, 1Chr 27:4, Dodai
defied Num 23:7-8; 1Sam 17:10, 1Sam 17:26, 1Sam 17:36, 1Sam 17:45-46
the men Isa 63:3, Isa 63:5; Mark 14:50
10
the Lord Josh 10:10, Josh 10:42, Josh 11:8; Judg 15:14, Judg 15:18; 1Sam 11:13, 1Sam 14:6, 1Sam 14:23, 1Sam 19:5; 2Kgs 5:1; Ps 108:13, Ps 144:10; Rom 15:18; 2Cor 4:5; Eph 6:10-18
and the people Ps 68:12; Isa 53:12
11
Shammah 1Chr 11:27, Shammoth the Harorite
the Philistines 1Chr 11:13-14
into a troop or, for foraging
12
the Lord 2Sam 23:10; Ps 3:8, Ps 44:2; Prov 21:31
13
three etc. or, the three captains over the thirty, 1Chr 11:15-19 Shalishim, "captains," should most probably be read, instead of shaloshim̀ thirty shalishim, as it is in 2Sam 23:8, and Exod 14:7; where LXX render τριστατας, which Jerome (on Ezek 33:1-33) says "among the Greeks is the name of the second rank after the royal dignity."
the cave Josh 12:15, Josh 15:35; 1Sam 22:1; Mic 1:15
the valley 2Sam 5:18, 2Sam 5:22; 1Chr 11:15, 1Chr 14:9; Isa 17:5
14
an hold 1Sam 22:1, 1Sam 22:4-5, 1Sam 24:22; 1Chr 12:16
garrison 1Sam 10:5, 1Sam 13:4, 1Sam 13:23, 1Sam 14:1, 1Sam 14:6
15
longed Num 11:4-5; Ps 42:1-2, Ps 63:1, Ps 119:81; Isa 41:17, Isa 44:3; John 4:10, John 4:14; John 7:37
Bethlehem Bethlehem signifies the "house of bread," and the place was likewise noted for excellent water. There Christ was born, who is the "bread of life," and who also gives us the "water of life." "The water that I shall give him shall be in him a well of water springing up into everlasting life." John 4:14
16
the three 2Sam 23:9; 1Sam 19:5; Acts 20:24; Rom 5:7; 2Cor 5:14
poured it Num 28:7; 1Sam 7:6; Lam 2:19; Phil 2:17
17
Be it far 2Sam 20:20; Gen 44:17; 1Sam 2:30, 1Sam 26:11; 1Kgs 21:3; 1Chr 11:19
the blood Gen 9:4; Lev 17:10; Ps 72:14; Matt 26:28; Mark 14:24; John 6:52-54
jeopardy Judg 5:18; 1Cor 15:30
18
Abishai 2Sam 2:18, 2Sam 3:30, 2Sam 10:10, 2Sam 10:14, 2Sam 18:2, 2Sam 20:10; 1Sam 26:6-8; 1Chr 2:16, 1Chr 11:20-21
and slew them Heb. slain
19
he attained 2Sam 23:9, 2Sam 23:13, 2Sam 23:16; 1Chr 11:25; Matt 13:8, Matt 13:23; 1Cor 15:41
20
Benaiah 2Sam 8:18, 2Sam 20:23; 1Kgs 1:8, 1Kgs 1:26, 1Kgs 1:38, 1Kgs 2:29-35, 1Kgs 2:46; 1Chr 18:17, 1Chr 27:5-6
Kabzeel Josh 15:21
who had done many acts Heb. great of acts
he slew Exod 15:15
lionlike men Heb. lions of God, 2Sam 1:23; 1Chr 11:22-24, 1Chr 12:8
slew a lion Judg 14:5-6; 1Sam 17:34-37
21
a goodly man Heb. a man of countenance, or sight, called, 1Chr 11:23, a man of great stature
slew him 1Sam 17:51; Col 2:15
23
more honourable or, honourable among the thirty, 1Chr 27:6
over his guard or, over his council, Heb. at his command, 2Sam 8:8, 2Sam 20:23; 1Sam 22:14
24
Asahel 2Sam 2:18; 1Chr 11:26, 1Chr 27:7
25
Shammah 1Chr 11:27-28, Shammoth the Harorite
26
Paltite 1Chr 11:27, 1Chr 27:10, Pelonite
Ira 1Chr 11:28, 1Chr 27:9
Tekoite 2Sam 14:2
27
Abiezer 1Chr 11:28, Antothite, 1Chr 27:12, Anetothite
Mebunnai 1Chr 11:19, Sibbecai
28
Maharai 1Chr 11:30, 1Chr 27:13
29
Heleb 1Chr 11:30, Heled, 1Chr 27:15, Heldai
Ittai 1Chr 11:31, Ithai
30
Benaiah 1Chr 11:31, 1Chr 27:14
Pirathonite Judg 12:15
Hiddai 1Chr 11:32, Hurai
brooks or, valleys, Deut 1:24; Judg 2:9
31
Abialbon 1Chr 11:32, Abiel
Barhumite 1Chr 11:33, Baharumite
32
Jashen 1Chr 11:34, Hashem, the Gizonite
33
Shammah 1Chr 11:27
Sharar 1Chr 11:35, Sacar
34
Eliam 2Sam 11:3, 2Sam 15:31, 2Sam 17:23; 1Chr 27:33-34
35
Hezrai 1Chr 11:37, Hezro
36
Igal 1Chr 11:38, Joel
37
Zelek 1Chr 11:39
Nahari 1Chr 11:37
38
Ira 2Sam 20:26; 1Chr 2:53, 1Chr 11:40
39
Uriah 2Sam 11:3, 2Sam 11:6-27, 2Sam 12:9; 1Kgs 15:5; 1Chr 11:41; Matt 1:6
thirty and seven in all From the number of these officers being thirty-seven, it is almost self-evident that shalishim cannot denote the thirty, as rendered in 2Sam 24:13, etc., but some particular description of men, or officers; for it can scarcely be said, with propriety, that we have thirty-seven out of thirty; and besides, in the parallel place in 1Chronicles, there are sixteen added!
1
am 2989, bc 1015, An, Ex, Is, 476
the last Gen 49:1; Deut 33:1; Josh. 23:1-24:32; Ps 72:20; 2Pet 1:13-15
raised 2Sam 7:8-9; Ps 78:70
the anointed 1Sam 2:10, 1Sam 16:12-13; Ps 2:6, Ps 89:20
sweet psalmist 1Chr 16:4-5, 1Chr 16:7, 1Chr 16:9; Amos 6:5; Luke 20:42, Luke 24:44; Eph 5:19-20; Col 3:16; Jas 5:13
2
Matt 22:43; Mark 12:36; Acts 2:25-31; Heb 3:7-8; 2Pet 1:21
3
God Gen 33:20; Exod 3:15, Exod 19:5-6, Exod 20:2
the Rock 2Sam 22:2, 2Sam 22:32; Deut 32:4, Deut 32:30-31; Ps 42:9
He that ruleth or, Be thou ruler, etc. Ps 110:2
must be just Exod 23:6-8; Deut 16:18-20; Ps 82:3-4; Prov 31:9; Isa 11:4-5, Isa 32:1; Jer 23:5; Zech 9:9; Heb 1:8
ruling Exod 18:21; 2Chr 19:7-9; Neh 5:14
4
as the light Judg 5:31; Ps 89:36, Ps 110:3; Prov 4:18; Isa 60:1, Isa 60:3, Isa 60:18-20; Hos 6:5; Mal 4:2; Luke 1:78-79; John 1:7
morning Hos 6:3
tender Deut 32:2; Ps 72:6; Isa 4:2; Mic 5:7
5
Although 2Sam 7:18, 2Sam 12:10, 2Sam 13:14, 2Sam 13:28, 2Sam 18:14; 1Kgs 1:5, 1Kgs 2:24-25, 1Kgs 11:6-8, 1Kgs 12:14
he hath made 2Sam 7:14-16; 1Chr 17:11-14; Ps 89:3, Ps 89:28; Isa 9:6-7, Isa 55:3, Isa 61:8; Jer 32:40; Jer 33:25-26; Ezek 37:26; Heb 13:20
and sure 1Sam 2:35, 1Sam 25:28; 1Kgs 11:38; Acts 13:34; Heb 6:19
all my salvation Ps 62:2, Ps 119:81
desire Ps 27:4, Ps 63:1-3, Ps 73:25-26
to grow Isa 4:2, Isa 7:14, Isa 9:6-7, Isa 11:1, Isa 27:6; Amos 9:11; 1Cor 3:6-7
6
the sons 2Sam 20:1; Deut 13:13; 1Sam 2:12
thorns Gen 3:18; Song 2:2; Isa 33:12; Ezek 2:6
7
fenced Heb. filled
and they shall 2Sam 22:8-10; Isa 27:4; Matt 3:10-12, Matt 13:42; Luke 19:14, Luke 19:27; John 15:6; 2Thess 1:8, 2Thess 2:8; Heb 6:8
8
am 2949-2989, bc 1055-1015, An, Ex, Is, 436-476, The Tachmonite. or, Josheb-bassebet, the Tachmonite, head of the three. 1Chr 11:11-12, 1Chr 27:2, 1Chr 27:32; It is highly probable that in this version instead of yoshaiv bashshaiveth tachkemoni, we should read yoshavam ben chachmoni, "Joshebeam, son of Hachmoni;' and instead of hoo adino haetzni, hoo orair eth chanitho, "he lift up his spear," which are the readings in the parallel place in Chronicles, where it is also, "three hundred," instead of "eight hundred."
whom he slew Heb. slain
9
Eleazar 1Chr 11:12-14, 1Chr 27:4, Dodai
defied Num 23:7-8; 1Sam 17:10, 1Sam 17:26, 1Sam 17:36, 1Sam 17:45-46
the men Isa 63:3, Isa 63:5; Mark 14:50
10
the Lord Josh 10:10, Josh 10:42, Josh 11:8; Judg 15:14, Judg 15:18; 1Sam 11:13, 1Sam 14:6, 1Sam 14:23, 1Sam 19:5; 2Kgs 5:1; Ps 108:13, Ps 144:10; Rom 15:18; 2Cor 4:5; Eph 6:10-18
and the people Ps 68:12; Isa 53:12
11
Shammah 1Chr 11:27, Shammoth the Harorite
the Philistines 1Chr 11:13-14
into a troop or, for foraging
12
the Lord 2Sam 23:10; Ps 3:8, Ps 44:2; Prov 21:31
13
three etc. or, the three captains over the thirty, 1Chr 11:15-19 Shalishim, "captains," should most probably be read, instead of shaloshim̀ thirty shalishim, as it is in 2Sam 23:8, and Exod 14:7; where LXX render τριστατας, which Jerome (on Ezek 33:1-33) says "among the Greeks is the name of the second rank after the royal dignity."
the cave Josh 12:15, Josh 15:35; 1Sam 22:1; Mic 1:15
the valley 2Sam 5:18, 2Sam 5:22; 1Chr 11:15, 1Chr 14:9; Isa 17:5
14
an hold 1Sam 22:1, 1Sam 22:4-5, 1Sam 24:22; 1Chr 12:16
garrison 1Sam 10:5, 1Sam 13:4, 1Sam 13:23, 1Sam 14:1, 1Sam 14:6
15
longed Num 11:4-5; Ps 42:1-2, Ps 63:1, Ps 119:81; Isa 41:17, Isa 44:3; John 4:10, John 4:14; John 7:37
Bethlehem Bethlehem signifies the "house of bread," and the place was likewise noted for excellent water. There Christ was born, who is the "bread of life," and who also gives us the "water of life." "The water that I shall give him shall be in him a well of water springing up into everlasting life." John 4:14
16
the three 2Sam 23:9; 1Sam 19:5; Acts 20:24; Rom 5:7; 2Cor 5:14
poured it Num 28:7; 1Sam 7:6; Lam 2:19; Phil 2:17
17
Be it far 2Sam 20:20; Gen 44:17; 1Sam 2:30, 1Sam 26:11; 1Kgs 21:3; 1Chr 11:19
the blood Gen 9:4; Lev 17:10; Ps 72:14; Matt 26:28; Mark 14:24; John 6:52-54
jeopardy Judg 5:18; 1Cor 15:30
18
Abishai 2Sam 2:18, 2Sam 3:30, 2Sam 10:10, 2Sam 10:14, 2Sam 18:2, 2Sam 20:10; 1Sam 26:6-8; 1Chr 2:16, 1Chr 11:20-21
and slew them Heb. slain
19
he attained 2Sam 23:9, 2Sam 23:13, 2Sam 23:16; 1Chr 11:25; Matt 13:8, Matt 13:23; 1Cor 15:41
20
Benaiah 2Sam 8:18, 2Sam 20:23; 1Kgs 1:8, 1Kgs 1:26, 1Kgs 1:38, 1Kgs 2:29-35, 1Kgs 2:46; 1Chr 18:17, 1Chr 27:5-6
Kabzeel Josh 15:21
who had done many acts Heb. great of acts
he slew Exod 15:15
lionlike men Heb. lions of God, 2Sam 1:23; 1Chr 11:22-24, 1Chr 12:8
slew a lion Judg 14:5-6; 1Sam 17:34-37
21
a goodly man Heb. a man of countenance, or sight, called, 1Chr 11:23, a man of great stature
slew him 1Sam 17:51; Col 2:15
23
more honourable or, honourable among the thirty, 1Chr 27:6
over his guard or, over his council, Heb. at his command, 2Sam 8:8, 2Sam 20:23; 1Sam 22:14
24
Asahel 2Sam 2:18; 1Chr 11:26, 1Chr 27:7
25
Shammah 1Chr 11:27-28, Shammoth the Harorite
26
Paltite 1Chr 11:27, 1Chr 27:10, Pelonite
Ira 1Chr 11:28, 1Chr 27:9
Tekoite 2Sam 14:2
27
Abiezer 1Chr 11:28, Antothite, 1Chr 27:12, Anetothite
Mebunnai 1Chr 11:19, Sibbecai
28
Maharai 1Chr 11:30, 1Chr 27:13
29
Heleb 1Chr 11:30, Heled, 1Chr 27:15, Heldai
Ittai 1Chr 11:31, Ithai
30
Benaiah 1Chr 11:31, 1Chr 27:14
Pirathonite Judg 12:15
Hiddai 1Chr 11:32, Hurai
brooks or, valleys, Deut 1:24; Judg 2:9
31
Abialbon 1Chr 11:32, Abiel
Barhumite 1Chr 11:33, Baharumite
32
Jashen 1Chr 11:34, Hashem, the Gizonite
33
Shammah 1Chr 11:27
Sharar 1Chr 11:35, Sacar
34
Eliam 2Sam 11:3, 2Sam 15:31, 2Sam 17:23; 1Chr 27:33-34
35
Hezrai 1Chr 11:37, Hezro
36
Igal 1Chr 11:38, Joel
37
Zelek 1Chr 11:39
Nahari 1Chr 11:37
38
Ira 2Sam 20:26; 1Chr 2:53, 1Chr 11:40
39
Uriah 2Sam 11:3, 2Sam 11:6-27, 2Sam 12:9; 1Kgs 15:5; 1Chr 11:41; Matt 1:6
thirty and seven in all From the number of these officers being thirty-seven, it is almost self-evident that shalishim cannot denote the thirty, as rendered in 2Sam 24:13, etc., but some particular description of men, or officers; for it can scarcely be said, with propriety, that we have thirty-seven out of thirty; and besides, in the parallel place in 1Chronicles, there are sixteen added!