Chapter 20
1
And there 2Sam 19:41-43; Ps 34:19
a man 2Sam 23:6; Deut 13:13; Judg 19:22; 1Sam 2:12, 1Sam 30:22; Ps 17:13; Prov 26:21; Hab 1:12-13
he blew 2Sam 15:10; Judg 3:27; Prov 24:21-22, Prov 25:8
We have 2Sam 19:43; 1Kgs 12:16; 2Chr 10:6; Luke 19:14, Luke 19:27
2
every man 2Sam 19:41; Ps 62:9, Ps 118:8-10; Prov 17:14
the men John 6:66-68; Acts 11:23
from Jordan 2Sam 19:15, 2Sam 19:40-41; 2Chr 10:17
3
ten women 2Sam 15:16, 2Sam 16:21-22
and put The confinement and retired maintenance of these women was the only measure which in justice and prudence could be adopted. In China, when an emperor dies, all his women are removed to an edifice called the palace of chastity, situated within the palace, in which they are shut up for the remainder of their lives.
ward Heb. an house of ward, Gen 40:3
shut Heb. bound
living in widowhood Heb. in widowhood of life
4
Amasa 2Sam 17:25, 2Sam 19:13; 1Chr 2:17
Assemble Heb. Call
5
So Amasa 2Sam 19:13
tarried 1Sam 13:8
6
Abishai 2Sam 2:18, 2Sam 3:30, 2Sam 3:39, 2Sam 10:9-10, 2Sam 10:14, 2Sam 18:2, 2Sam 18:12, 2Sam 21:17, 2Sam 23:18; 1Sam 26:6; 1Chr 11:20, 1Chr 18:12
do us 2Sam 19:7
thy lord's 2Sam 11:11; 1Kgs 1:33
escape us Heb. deliver himself from our eyes
7
2Sam 20:23, 2Sam 8:16, 2Sam 8:18, 2Sam 15:18, 2Sam 23:22-23; 1Kgs 1:38, 1Kgs 1:44
8
in Gibeon 2Sam 2:13, 2Sam 3:30
Amasa 2Sam 20:4-5
9
Art thou Ps 55:21; Prov 26:24-26; Mic 7:2
took Amasa Thevenot says, that among the Turks it is a great affront to take one by the beard, unless it be to kiss him, in which case they often do it. D'Arvieux, describing an assembly of Arab emirs at an entertainment, says, "After the usual civilities, caresses, kissings of the beard, and of the hand, which every one gave and received according to his rank and dignity, they sat down upon mats." The doing this by the Arab emirs corresponds with the conduct of Joab, and illustrates this horrid assassination.
to kiss him Matt 26:48-49; Luke 22:47-48
10
in Joab's 2Sam 20:9; Judg 3:21; 1Chr 12:2
he smote 2Sam 2:23, 2Sam 3:27; Gen 4:8; 1Kgs 2:5-6, 1Kgs 2:31-34
and shed Acts 1:18-19
struck him not again Heb. doubled not his stroke, 1Sam 26:8
11
He that 2Sam 20:6-7, 2Sam 20:13, 2Sam 20:21
for David 2Sam 20:4; 2Kgs 9:32
12
2Sam 17:25; Ps 9:16, Ps 55:23; Prov 24:21-22
13
the highway 2Sam 20:12-13; Num 20:19; Judg 21:19; 1Sam 6:12; 2Kgs 18:17; Prov 16:17; Isa 7:3; Isa 36:2, Isa 62:10; Jer 31:21; Mark 10:46
14
Abel Or rather, probably, Abel of Beth-Maachah, as in the next verse. It appears, from Joab having marched "through all the tribes of Israel," to have been situated in the northern confines of the land of Israel, and in the half tribe of Manasseh, east of Jordan, as that was the situation of Maachah, to which it belonged. This agrees with the situation of the Abila which Eusebius and Jerome place between Paneas, or Cesarea Philippi, and Damascus. Josephus says it was a fortified city, and a metropolis of the Israelites; and also that it belonged to the ten tribes, having been taken from the king of Damascus. 1Kgs 15:20; 2Kgs 15:29; 2Chr 16:4
Berites Josh 18:25, Beeroth
15
cast up 2Kgs 19:32; Jer 32:24, Jer 33:4; Luke 19:43
a bank So LXX generally render solelah, by προσχωμα or χωμα; which latter is described by Potter as "a mount, which was raised so high as to equal, if not exceed, the top of the besieged walls. The sides were walled in with bricks or stones, or secured with strong rafters; the fore part only, being by degrees to be moved near the walls, remained bare."
it stood in the trench or, it stood against the outmost wall
battered etc. Heb. marred to throw down
16
2Sam 14:2; 1Sam 25:3, 1Sam 25:32-33; Eccl 9:14-18
17
Hear the words 2Sam 14:12; 1Sam 25:24
18
They were wont etc. or, They plainly spake in the beginning, saying, Surely they will ask of Abel, and so make an end. Deut 20:10-11
19
peaceable Gen 18:23; Rom 13:3-4; 1Tim 2:2
a mother Judg 5:7; Ezek 16:45-49
swallow 2Sam 17:16; Num 16:32, Num 26:10; Ps 124:3; Jer 51:34, Jer 51:44; Lam 2:2, Lam 2:5, Lam 2:16; 1Cor 15:54; 2Cor 5:4
the inheritance 2Sam 21:3; Exod 19:5-6; Deut 32:9; 1Sam 26:19
20
Far be it 2Sam 23:17; Job 21:16, Job 22:18
that I should 2Sam 20:10; Prov 28:13; Jer 17:9; Luke 10:29
21
a man 2Sam 20:1; Judg 2:9, Judg 7:24; 2Kgs 5:22; Jer 4:15, Jer 50:19
by name Heb. by his name
lifted 2Sam 23:18; 1Sam 24:6, 1Sam 26:9
his head 2Sam 17:2-3; 2Kgs 10:7; Judg 18:4-8
22
in her wisdom Eccl 7:19, Eccl 9:14-18
he blew 2Sam 20:1, 2Sam 2:28, 2Sam 18:16
retired Heb. were scattered
And Joab 2Sam 3:28-39, 2Sam 11:6-21; Eccl 8:11
23
Now Joab 2Sam 8:16-18; 1Chr 18:15-17
and Benaiah 2Sam 20:7
24
Adoram 1Kgs 4:6, 1Kgs 12:18
recorder or, remembrancer, 1Kgs 4:3
25
Sheva 2Sam 8:17; 1Kgs 4:4; 1Chr 18:16, Shavsha
26
Ira 2Sam 23:38; 1Chr 11:40, Ithrite
Jairite Judg 10:4-5
chief ruler or, prince, 2Sam 8:18; Gen 41:43, Gen 41:45; Exod 2:14, Exod 2:16; The Hebrew is cohen ledawid, which might be rendered, a priest of David; and so the Septuagint, Vulgate, Syriac, and Arabic. The Chaldee has rav, a chief or prince. Probably he was a kind of domestic chaplain or seer to the king. 2Sam 24:11; 2Chr 35:15
1
And there 2Sam 19:41-43; Ps 34:19
a man 2Sam 23:6; Deut 13:13; Judg 19:22; 1Sam 2:12, 1Sam 30:22; Ps 17:13; Prov 26:21; Hab 1:12-13
he blew 2Sam 15:10; Judg 3:27; Prov 24:21-22, Prov 25:8
We have 2Sam 19:43; 1Kgs 12:16; 2Chr 10:6; Luke 19:14, Luke 19:27
2
every man 2Sam 19:41; Ps 62:9, Ps 118:8-10; Prov 17:14
the men John 6:66-68; Acts 11:23
from Jordan 2Sam 19:15, 2Sam 19:40-41; 2Chr 10:17
3
ten women 2Sam 15:16, 2Sam 16:21-22
and put The confinement and retired maintenance of these women was the only measure which in justice and prudence could be adopted. In China, when an emperor dies, all his women are removed to an edifice called the palace of chastity, situated within the palace, in which they are shut up for the remainder of their lives.
ward Heb. an house of ward, Gen 40:3
shut Heb. bound
living in widowhood Heb. in widowhood of life
4
Amasa 2Sam 17:25, 2Sam 19:13; 1Chr 2:17
Assemble Heb. Call
5
So Amasa 2Sam 19:13
tarried 1Sam 13:8
6
Abishai 2Sam 2:18, 2Sam 3:30, 2Sam 3:39, 2Sam 10:9-10, 2Sam 10:14, 2Sam 18:2, 2Sam 18:12, 2Sam 21:17, 2Sam 23:18; 1Sam 26:6; 1Chr 11:20, 1Chr 18:12
do us 2Sam 19:7
thy lord's 2Sam 11:11; 1Kgs 1:33
escape us Heb. deliver himself from our eyes
7
2Sam 20:23, 2Sam 8:16, 2Sam 8:18, 2Sam 15:18, 2Sam 23:22-23; 1Kgs 1:38, 1Kgs 1:44
8
in Gibeon 2Sam 2:13, 2Sam 3:30
Amasa 2Sam 20:4-5
9
Art thou Ps 55:21; Prov 26:24-26; Mic 7:2
took Amasa Thevenot says, that among the Turks it is a great affront to take one by the beard, unless it be to kiss him, in which case they often do it. D'Arvieux, describing an assembly of Arab emirs at an entertainment, says, "After the usual civilities, caresses, kissings of the beard, and of the hand, which every one gave and received according to his rank and dignity, they sat down upon mats." The doing this by the Arab emirs corresponds with the conduct of Joab, and illustrates this horrid assassination.
to kiss him Matt 26:48-49; Luke 22:47-48
10
in Joab's 2Sam 20:9; Judg 3:21; 1Chr 12:2
he smote 2Sam 2:23, 2Sam 3:27; Gen 4:8; 1Kgs 2:5-6, 1Kgs 2:31-34
and shed Acts 1:18-19
struck him not again Heb. doubled not his stroke, 1Sam 26:8
11
He that 2Sam 20:6-7, 2Sam 20:13, 2Sam 20:21
for David 2Sam 20:4; 2Kgs 9:32
12
2Sam 17:25; Ps 9:16, Ps 55:23; Prov 24:21-22
13
the highway 2Sam 20:12-13; Num 20:19; Judg 21:19; 1Sam 6:12; 2Kgs 18:17; Prov 16:17; Isa 7:3; Isa 36:2, Isa 62:10; Jer 31:21; Mark 10:46
14
Abel Or rather, probably, Abel of Beth-Maachah, as in the next verse. It appears, from Joab having marched "through all the tribes of Israel," to have been situated in the northern confines of the land of Israel, and in the half tribe of Manasseh, east of Jordan, as that was the situation of Maachah, to which it belonged. This agrees with the situation of the Abila which Eusebius and Jerome place between Paneas, or Cesarea Philippi, and Damascus. Josephus says it was a fortified city, and a metropolis of the Israelites; and also that it belonged to the ten tribes, having been taken from the king of Damascus. 1Kgs 15:20; 2Kgs 15:29; 2Chr 16:4
Berites Josh 18:25, Beeroth
15
cast up 2Kgs 19:32; Jer 32:24, Jer 33:4; Luke 19:43
a bank So LXX generally render solelah, by προσχωμα or χωμα; which latter is described by Potter as "a mount, which was raised so high as to equal, if not exceed, the top of the besieged walls. The sides were walled in with bricks or stones, or secured with strong rafters; the fore part only, being by degrees to be moved near the walls, remained bare."
it stood in the trench or, it stood against the outmost wall
battered etc. Heb. marred to throw down
16
2Sam 14:2; 1Sam 25:3, 1Sam 25:32-33; Eccl 9:14-18
17
Hear the words 2Sam 14:12; 1Sam 25:24
18
They were wont etc. or, They plainly spake in the beginning, saying, Surely they will ask of Abel, and so make an end. Deut 20:10-11
19
peaceable Gen 18:23; Rom 13:3-4; 1Tim 2:2
a mother Judg 5:7; Ezek 16:45-49
swallow 2Sam 17:16; Num 16:32, Num 26:10; Ps 124:3; Jer 51:34, Jer 51:44; Lam 2:2, Lam 2:5, Lam 2:16; 1Cor 15:54; 2Cor 5:4
the inheritance 2Sam 21:3; Exod 19:5-6; Deut 32:9; 1Sam 26:19
20
Far be it 2Sam 23:17; Job 21:16, Job 22:18
that I should 2Sam 20:10; Prov 28:13; Jer 17:9; Luke 10:29
21
a man 2Sam 20:1; Judg 2:9, Judg 7:24; 2Kgs 5:22; Jer 4:15, Jer 50:19
by name Heb. by his name
lifted 2Sam 23:18; 1Sam 24:6, 1Sam 26:9
his head 2Sam 17:2-3; 2Kgs 10:7; Judg 18:4-8
22
in her wisdom Eccl 7:19, Eccl 9:14-18
he blew 2Sam 20:1, 2Sam 2:28, 2Sam 18:16
retired Heb. were scattered
And Joab 2Sam 3:28-39, 2Sam 11:6-21; Eccl 8:11
23
Now Joab 2Sam 8:16-18; 1Chr 18:15-17
and Benaiah 2Sam 20:7
24
Adoram 1Kgs 4:6, 1Kgs 12:18
recorder or, remembrancer, 1Kgs 4:3
25
Sheva 2Sam 8:17; 1Kgs 4:4; 1Chr 18:16, Shavsha
26
Ira 2Sam 23:38; 1Chr 11:40, Ithrite
Jairite Judg 10:4-5
chief ruler or, prince, 2Sam 8:18; Gen 41:43, Gen 41:45; Exod 2:14, Exod 2:16; The Hebrew is cohen ledawid, which might be rendered, a priest of David; and so the Septuagint, Vulgate, Syriac, and Arabic. The Chaldee has rav, a chief or prince. Probably he was a kind of domestic chaplain or seer to the king. 2Sam 24:11; 2Chr 35:15