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Chapter 21
1
the heads Josh 19:51; Exod 6:14, Exod 6:25
Eleazar Josh 14:1, Josh 17:4; Num 34:17-29
2
Shiloh Josh 18:1
The Lord Num 35:2-8; Ezek 48:9-18; Matt 10:10; Gal 6:6; 1Tim 5:17-18
3
unto the Levites Gen 49:7; Deut 33:8-10; 1Chr 6:54-81
4
the children Josh 21:8-19, Josh 24:33; 1Chr 6:54-60
the tribe These tribes furnished more habitation to the Levites, in proportion, than any of the other tribes, because they possessed a more extensive inheritance, agreeably to what Moses had commanded (Num 35:8). It is worthy of remark, that the principal part of this tribe, whose business was to minister at the sanctuary, which sanctuary was afterwards established at Jerusalem, had their appointment nearest to that city; so that they were always within reach of the sacred work which God had appointed them.
5
Josh 21:20-26; Gen 46:11; Exod 6:16-25; Num 3:27; 1Chr 6:18-19, 1Chr 6:61, 1Chr 6:66-70
6
Josh 21:27-33; Exod 6:16-17; Num 3:21-22; 1Chr 6:62, 1Chr 6:71-76
7
Josh 21:34-40; Exod 6:19; Num 3:20; 1Chr 6:63, 1Chr 6:77-81
8
by lot Josh 21:3, Josh 18:6; Num 33:54, Num 35:3; Prov 16:33, Prov 18:18
as the Lord Num 32:2
9
these cities Josh 21:13-18; 1Chr 6:65
mentioned Heb. called
10
Josh 21:4; Exod 6:18, Exod 6:20-26; Num 3:2-4, Num 3:19, Num 3:27, Num 4:2
11
And they 1Chr 6:55
the city of Arba or, Kirjath-arba, Josh 15:13-14, Josh 15:54; Gen 23:2, Gen 35:27; Judg 1:10
is Hebron 2Sam 2:1-3, 2Sam 5:1-5, 2Sam 15:7
in the hill Josh 20:7-9; Luke 1:39
12
Josh 14:13-15; 1Chr 6:55-57
13
they gave 1Chr 6:56
Hebron Josh 15:54
a city Josh 20:7; Num 35:6
Libnah Josh 10:29, Josh 15:42; 1Chr 6:57; Isa 37:8
14
Jattir Jattir or Jether, according to Eusebius, was situated in the district of Daroma, or the southern part of Judah, 20 miles (south) from Eleutheropolis, towards the city of Malatha. Josh 15:48; 1Sam 30:27-28
Eshtemoa Eusebius says Eshtemoa, or Esthema, was a great city in the south of Judah, and in the district of Eleutheropolis, north of that city. Josh 15:50, Eshtemoh
15
Holon Josh 15:51; 1Chr 6:58, Hilen
Debir Josh 12:13, Josh 15:49
16
Ain Josh 15:42; 1Chr 6:59, Ashan
Juttah Eusebius says Juttah was a great town 18 miles south from Eleutheropolis. Josh 15:55
Bethshemesh Josh 15:10; 1Sam 6:9, 1Sam 6:12; 1Chr 6:59
17
Gibeon Josh 9:3, Josh 18:25; 1Chr 6:60
Geba Josh 18:24, Gaba
18
Anathoth Anathoth was situated about three miles northward from Jerusalem according to Eusebius and Jerome (in Jer. 1:20); or twenty furlongs, according to Josephus. Ant. I. x. c. 7 sec. 3. 1Kgs 2:26; Isa 10:30; Jer 1:1
Almon 1Chr 6:60, Alemeth
20
Josh 21:5; 1Chr 6:66
21
Shechem Josh 20:7; Gen 33:19; Judg 9:1; 1Kgs 12:1
Gezer Josh 16:10; 1Kgs 9:15-17; 1Chr 6:67
22
Bethhoron Josh 16:3, Josh 16:5, Josh 18:13-14; 1Chr 6:68
23
Eltekeh Josh 19:44-45
Gibbethon Probably the Gabatha mentioned by Eusebius and Jerome, as situated in the south of Judah, 12 miles from Eleutheropolis, where the prophet Habakkuk's sepulchre was shown.
24
Aijalon Josh 10:12, Josh 19:42, Ajalon, 1Chr 6:69
Gathrimmon Gathrimmon is said by Jerome to be a great town 10 miles from Diospolis, or Lydda, towards Eleutheropolis.
25
Aner and Bileam are mentioned in Chronicles, instead of Tanach and Gath-rimmon (1Chr 6:70). Either the cities had at this time different names, or afterwards their names were changed; or the Levites, being by some means dispossessed of the cities first assigned them, received others from their brethren. A careful examination of the marginal references will discover other variations of this kind, which may be accounted for in the same manner.
Tanach Josh 17:11; Judg 5:19
27
And unto Josh 21:6
Golan Josh 20:8; Deut 1:4, Deut 4:43; 1Chr 6:71
Beeshterah It is very probable that Beesh-terah is a contraction of baith ashtaroth, "the house of Ashtaroth," and the same as Ashtaroth, which is the reading in 1Chr 6:71.
28
Dabareh Josh 19:12; 1Chr 6:72-73
29
Jarmuth This seems to be the same city with Remeth, Josh 10:19, Josh 10:21, and Ramoth, 1Chr 6:73, mentioned with Engannim. Josh 10:3, Josh 10:23, Josh 12:11
30
Mishal Josh 19:25-28, Misheal, 1Chr 6:74-75, Mashal
31
Rehob See note on Num 13:21. Judg 1:31, Judg 18:21; 1Chr 6:75
32
Kedesh Josh 19:37, Josh 20:7; 1Chr 6:76
Hammothdor Supposed by many to be the same as Tiberias; so called from the hot-baths, as the word Chammoth may denote, in its vicinity. Josh 19:35, Hammath
Kartan Supposed to be the same as Kirjathaim. 1Chr 6:76
34
And unto Josh 21:7; 1Chr 6:77
Jokneam Josh 12:22, Josh 19:11, Josh 19:15
35
Dimnah This and the following verse are wholly omitted by the Masora, and many Hebrew Bibles which are esteemed very highly; though, without them, neither the twelve cities of the Merarites in particular (Josh 21:40), nor the forty-eight Levitical cities in general (Josh 21:41), nor the six cities of refuge, can be made up. But these two verses, are thus absolutely necessary for the truth and consistency of this chapter, are happily preserved in no less than 149 manuscripts collated by Dr. Kennicott, and upwards of 40 collated by De Rossi. Josh 21:35
36
Bezer Josh 20:8; Deut 4:43; 1Chr 6:78-79
Jahazah Josh 13:18; Num 21:23; 1Chr 6:78, Jahzah
38
Ramoth Josh 20:8; 1Kgs 22:3; 1Chr 6:80
Mahanaim Gen 32:2; 2Sam 17:24, 2Sam 19:32
39
Heshbon Josh 13:17, Josh 13:21; Num 21:26-30, Num 32:37; 1Chr 6:81
Jazer Num 32:1, Num 32:3, Num 32:35, Jaazer, Isa 16:8-9; Jer 48:32
41
within Gen 49:7; Num 35:1-8; Deut 33:10
forty At the last census, the tribe of Levi amounted only to 23,000 (Num 26:62); and it is thought by some that forty-eight cities was too great a proportion for this tribe. But it should be considered, that cities in ancient times were little more than villages.
43
Gen 12:7, Gen 13:15, Gen 15:13-21, Gen 26:3-4, Gen 28:4, Gen 28:13-14; Exod 3:8, Exod 23:27-31; Ps 44:3, Ps 106:42-45
44
Josh 1:15, Josh 11:23, Josh 22:4, Josh 22:9; Deut 7:22-24, Deut 31:3-5; Heb 4:9
45
Josh 23:14-15; Num 23:19; 1Kgs 8:56; 1Cor 1:9; 1Thess 5:24; Titus 1:2; Heb 6:18
1
the heads Josh 19:51; Exod 6:14, Exod 6:25
Eleazar Josh 14:1, Josh 17:4; Num 34:17-29
2
Shiloh Josh 18:1
The Lord Num 35:2-8; Ezek 48:9-18; Matt 10:10; Gal 6:6; 1Tim 5:17-18
3
unto the Levites Gen 49:7; Deut 33:8-10; 1Chr 6:54-81
4
the children Josh 21:8-19, Josh 24:33; 1Chr 6:54-60
the tribe These tribes furnished more habitation to the Levites, in proportion, than any of the other tribes, because they possessed a more extensive inheritance, agreeably to what Moses had commanded (Num 35:8). It is worthy of remark, that the principal part of this tribe, whose business was to minister at the sanctuary, which sanctuary was afterwards established at Jerusalem, had their appointment nearest to that city; so that they were always within reach of the sacred work which God had appointed them.
5
Josh 21:20-26; Gen 46:11; Exod 6:16-25; Num 3:27; 1Chr 6:18-19, 1Chr 6:61, 1Chr 6:66-70
6
Josh 21:27-33; Exod 6:16-17; Num 3:21-22; 1Chr 6:62, 1Chr 6:71-76
7
Josh 21:34-40; Exod 6:19; Num 3:20; 1Chr 6:63, 1Chr 6:77-81
8
by lot Josh 21:3, Josh 18:6; Num 33:54, Num 35:3; Prov 16:33, Prov 18:18
as the Lord Num 32:2
9
these cities Josh 21:13-18; 1Chr 6:65
mentioned Heb. called
10
Josh 21:4; Exod 6:18, Exod 6:20-26; Num 3:2-4, Num 3:19, Num 3:27, Num 4:2
11
And they 1Chr 6:55
the city of Arba or, Kirjath-arba, Josh 15:13-14, Josh 15:54; Gen 23:2, Gen 35:27; Judg 1:10
is Hebron 2Sam 2:1-3, 2Sam 5:1-5, 2Sam 15:7
in the hill Josh 20:7-9; Luke 1:39
12
Josh 14:13-15; 1Chr 6:55-57
13
they gave 1Chr 6:56
Hebron Josh 15:54
a city Josh 20:7; Num 35:6
Libnah Josh 10:29, Josh 15:42; 1Chr 6:57; Isa 37:8
14
Jattir Jattir or Jether, according to Eusebius, was situated in the district of Daroma, or the southern part of Judah, 20 miles (south) from Eleutheropolis, towards the city of Malatha. Josh 15:48; 1Sam 30:27-28
Eshtemoa Eusebius says Eshtemoa, or Esthema, was a great city in the south of Judah, and in the district of Eleutheropolis, north of that city. Josh 15:50, Eshtemoh
15
Holon Josh 15:51; 1Chr 6:58, Hilen
Debir Josh 12:13, Josh 15:49
16
Ain Josh 15:42; 1Chr 6:59, Ashan
Juttah Eusebius says Juttah was a great town 18 miles south from Eleutheropolis. Josh 15:55
Bethshemesh Josh 15:10; 1Sam 6:9, 1Sam 6:12; 1Chr 6:59
17
Gibeon Josh 9:3, Josh 18:25; 1Chr 6:60
Geba Josh 18:24, Gaba
18
Anathoth Anathoth was situated about three miles northward from Jerusalem according to Eusebius and Jerome (in Jer. 1:20); or twenty furlongs, according to Josephus. Ant. I. x. c. 7 sec. 3. 1Kgs 2:26; Isa 10:30; Jer 1:1
Almon 1Chr 6:60, Alemeth
20
Josh 21:5; 1Chr 6:66
21
Shechem Josh 20:7; Gen 33:19; Judg 9:1; 1Kgs 12:1
Gezer Josh 16:10; 1Kgs 9:15-17; 1Chr 6:67
22
Bethhoron Josh 16:3, Josh 16:5, Josh 18:13-14; 1Chr 6:68
23
Eltekeh Josh 19:44-45
Gibbethon Probably the Gabatha mentioned by Eusebius and Jerome, as situated in the south of Judah, 12 miles from Eleutheropolis, where the prophet Habakkuk's sepulchre was shown.
24
Aijalon Josh 10:12, Josh 19:42, Ajalon, 1Chr 6:69
Gathrimmon Gathrimmon is said by Jerome to be a great town 10 miles from Diospolis, or Lydda, towards Eleutheropolis.
25
Aner and Bileam are mentioned in Chronicles, instead of Tanach and Gath-rimmon (1Chr 6:70). Either the cities had at this time different names, or afterwards their names were changed; or the Levites, being by some means dispossessed of the cities first assigned them, received others from their brethren. A careful examination of the marginal references will discover other variations of this kind, which may be accounted for in the same manner.
Tanach Josh 17:11; Judg 5:19
27
And unto Josh 21:6
Golan Josh 20:8; Deut 1:4, Deut 4:43; 1Chr 6:71
Beeshterah It is very probable that Beesh-terah is a contraction of baith ashtaroth, "the house of Ashtaroth," and the same as Ashtaroth, which is the reading in 1Chr 6:71.
28
Dabareh Josh 19:12; 1Chr 6:72-73
29
Jarmuth This seems to be the same city with Remeth, Josh 10:19, Josh 10:21, and Ramoth, 1Chr 6:73, mentioned with Engannim. Josh 10:3, Josh 10:23, Josh 12:11
30
Mishal Josh 19:25-28, Misheal, 1Chr 6:74-75, Mashal
31
Rehob See note on Num 13:21. Judg 1:31, Judg 18:21; 1Chr 6:75
32
Kedesh Josh 19:37, Josh 20:7; 1Chr 6:76
Hammothdor Supposed by many to be the same as Tiberias; so called from the hot-baths, as the word Chammoth may denote, in its vicinity. Josh 19:35, Hammath
Kartan Supposed to be the same as Kirjathaim. 1Chr 6:76
34
And unto Josh 21:7; 1Chr 6:77
Jokneam Josh 12:22, Josh 19:11, Josh 19:15
35
Dimnah This and the following verse are wholly omitted by the Masora, and many Hebrew Bibles which are esteemed very highly; though, without them, neither the twelve cities of the Merarites in particular (Josh 21:40), nor the forty-eight Levitical cities in general (Josh 21:41), nor the six cities of refuge, can be made up. But these two verses, are thus absolutely necessary for the truth and consistency of this chapter, are happily preserved in no less than 149 manuscripts collated by Dr. Kennicott, and upwards of 40 collated by De Rossi. Josh 21:35
36
Bezer Josh 20:8; Deut 4:43; 1Chr 6:78-79
Jahazah Josh 13:18; Num 21:23; 1Chr 6:78, Jahzah
38
Ramoth Josh 20:8; 1Kgs 22:3; 1Chr 6:80
Mahanaim Gen 32:2; 2Sam 17:24, 2Sam 19:32
39
Heshbon Josh 13:17, Josh 13:21; Num 21:26-30, Num 32:37; 1Chr 6:81
Jazer Num 32:1, Num 32:3, Num 32:35, Jaazer, Isa 16:8-9; Jer 48:32
41
within Gen 49:7; Num 35:1-8; Deut 33:10
forty At the last census, the tribe of Levi amounted only to 23,000 (Num 26:62); and it is thought by some that forty-eight cities was too great a proportion for this tribe. But it should be considered, that cities in ancient times were little more than villages.
43
Gen 12:7, Gen 13:15, Gen 15:13-21, Gen 26:3-4, Gen 28:4, Gen 28:13-14; Exod 3:8, Exod 23:27-31; Ps 44:3, Ps 106:42-45
44
Josh 1:15, Josh 11:23, Josh 22:4, Josh 22:9; Deut 7:22-24, Deut 31:3-5; Heb 4:9
45
Josh 23:14-15; Num 23:19; 1Kgs 8:56; 1Cor 1:9; 1Thess 5:24; Titus 1:2; Heb 6:18