Chapter 25

1
Deut 16:18-20, Deut 17:8-9, Deut 19:17-19; Exod 23:6-7; 2Sam 23:3; 2Chr 19:6-10; Job 29:7-17; Ps 58:1-2, Ps 82:2-4; Prov 17:15, Prov 31:8-9; Isa 1:17, Isa 1:23; Isa 5:23, Isa 11:4, Isa 32:1-2; Jer 21:12; Ezek 44:24; Mic 3:1-2; Hab 1:4, Hab 1:13; Mal 3:18; Matt 3:10


2
Matt 10:17, Matt 27:26; Luke 12:47-48; Acts 5:40, Acts 16:22-24; 1Pet 2:20, 1Pet 2:24


3
not exceed 2Cor 11:24-25

vile unto thee That is, be beaten so cruelly, that, by retaining the marks, he become contemptible in the eyes of his brethren. Amendment, and not this, was the object of the punishment. We should hate and despise the sin, but not the sinner. Job 18:3; Luke 15:30, Luke 18:9-12; Jas 2:2-3


4
shalt not In Judea, as well as in Egypt, Greece, and Italy, they made use of beeves to tread out the corn; and the same mode of threshing still obtains in Arabia, Barbary, and other eastern countries, to the present day. The sheaves lie open and expanded on the threshing floors, and the cattle continually move round them, and thus tread out the grain. The natives of Aleppo still religiously observe the ancient humane practice, inculcated by this law, of permitting the oxen to remain unmuzzled when treading out the corn.

muzzle Prov 12:10; 1Cor 9:9-10; 1Tim 5:17-18

treadeth out Heb. thresheth, Isa 28:27; Hos 10:11


5
brethren Matt 22:24; Mark 12:19; Luke 20:28

husband's brother or, next kinsman, Gen 38:8-9; Ruth 1:12-13, Ruth 3:9, Ruth 4:5


6
the firstborn Gen 28:8-10

that his name Deut 9:14, Deut 29:20; Ruth 4:10-12; Ps 9:5, Ps 109:13, brother's wife, or, next kinsman's wife, go up, Deut 21:19; Ruth 4:1-7


8
I like not Ruth 4:6


9
loose his shoe Pulling off the shoe seems to express his being degraded to the situation of slaves, who generally went barefoot; and spitting in or rather before (biphney) his face, was a mark of the utmost ignominy. Ruth 4:7-8; Isa 20:2; Mark 1:7; John 1:27

spit Num 12:14; Job 30:10; Isa 50:6; Matt 26:67, Matt 27:30; Mark 10:34

So shall Gen 38:8-10; Ruth 4:10-11; 1Sam 2:30


11
to deliver her husband Rom 3:8; 1Tim 2:9


12
Deut 19:13, Deut 19:21


13
in thy bag Lev 19:35-36; Prov 11:1, Prov 16:11, Prov 20:10; Ezek 45:10-11; Amos 8:5; Mic 6:11-12

divers weights Heb. a stone and a stone, Aivenwaaiven; because weights were anciently made of stone. Hence the expression, a stone weight, which is still in use, though the matter of which it is made be lead or iron, and the name itself shews us that a stone of a certain weight was formerly used.


14
divers measures Heb. an ephah and an ephah, Aiphah waaiphah; for this was the cost common measure among the Israelites, by which all the others were made and adjusted. They are not only forbidden to use divers weights and measures, one large or heavy to buy with, and another small and light to sell with, but they were not even allowed to keep such in the house. It is observable also, that these too common but dishonest actions are branded as "an abomination to the Lord," equally with idolatry, and other scandalous crimes. Deut 25:14


15
that thy days Deut 4:40, Deut 5:16, Deut 5:33, Deut 6:18, Deut 11:9, Deut 17:20; Exod 20:12; Ps 34:12; Eph 6:3; 1Pet 3:10


16
all that do Deut 18:12, Deut 22:5; Prov 11:1, Prov 20:23; Amos 8:5-7; 1Cor 6:9-11; 1Thess 4:6; Rev 21:27


17
Exod 17:8-16; Num 24:20, Num 25:17-18


18
feared Neh 5:9, Neh 5:15; Ps 36:1; Prov 16:6; Rom 3:18


19
when the Josh 23:1

thou shalt Deut 9:14; Exod 17:14, Exod 17:16; Josh 6:3, Josh 7:12, Josh 7:22-25; 1Sam 14:48, 1Sam 15:1-35, 1Sam 27:8; 1Sam 30:1-7; 1Chr 4:43; Esth 3:1, Esth 7:10, Esth 9:7-10; Ps 83:7-17


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