Chapter 25

1
Exod 19:1; Num 1:1, Num 10:11-12; Gal 4:24-25


2
When ye Lev 14:34; Deut 32:8, Deut 32:49, Deut 34:4; Ps 24:1-2, Ps 115:16; Isa 8:8; Jer 27:5

keep Heb. rest, Lev 23:32 *marg.

a sabbath Lev 26:34-35; Exod 23:10; 2Chr 36:21


4
Lev 25:20-23, Lev 26:34-35, Lev 26:43; Exod 23:10-11; 2Chr 36:21


5
groweth 2Kgs 19:29; Isa 37:30

thy vine undressed Heb. the separation


6
Exod 23:11; Acts 2:44, Acts 4:32, Acts 4:34-35


8
Lev 23:15; Gen 2:2


9
jubilee Lev 25:10-12, Lev 27:17, Lev 27:24; Num 36:4

of the jubilee to sound Heb. loud of sound, Num 10:10; Ps 89:15; Acts 13:38-39; Rom 10:18, Rom 15:19; 2Cor 5:19-21; 1Thess 1:8

the day Lev 16:20, Lev 16:30, Lev 23:24, Lev 23:27


10
proclaim Exod 20:2; Ezra 1:3; Ps 146:7; Isa 49:9, Isa 49:24-25, Isa 61:1-3, Isa 63:4; Jer 34:8, Jer 34:13-17; Zech 9:11-12; Luke 1:74, Luke 4:16-21; John 8:32-36; Rom 6:17-18; 2Cor 3:17; Gal 4:25-31, Gal 5:1, Gal 5:13; 1Pet 2:16; 2Pet 2:19-20

every man Lev 25:13, Lev 25:26-28, Lev 25:33-34, Lev 27:17-24

ye shall return Num 36:2-9


11
A jubilee Respecting the literal meaning of the word ιεαμ, yobel, or yovel, critics are not agreed. The most natural derivation of the word seems to be from δεαιμ, hovil, the Hiphil form of ιαμ, yaval, to recall, restore, or bring back, because this year restored all slaves to their liberty, and brought back all alienated estates to their primitive owners. Accordingly the LXX render it here αφεσις, a "remission"; and Josephus says it signifies ελευθεριαν, liberty. Lev 27:17

ye shall Lev 25:5-7


12
Lev 25:6-7


13
Lev 25:10, Lev 27:17-24; Num 36:4


14
Lev 25:17, Lev 19:13; Deut 16:19-20; Judg 4:3; 1Sam 12:3-4; 2Chr 16:10; Neh 9:36-37; Job 20:19-20; Ps 10:18; Prov 14:31, Prov 21:13, Prov 22:16, Prov 28:3, Prov 28:8, Prov 28:16; Eccl 5:8; Isa 1:17, Isa 3:12-15, Isa 5:7, Isa 33:15, Isa 58:6; Jer 22:17; Ezek 22:7, Ezek 22:12-13; Amos 5:11-12, Amos 8:4-7; Mic 2:2-3, Mic 6:10-12, Mic 7:3; Luke 3:14; 1Cor 6:8; Jas 5:1-5


15
Lev 27:18-23; Phil 4:5


17
shall not Lev 25:14

fear Lev 25:43, Lev 19:14, Lev 19:32; Gen 20:11, Gen 22:12, Gen 39:9, Gen 42:18; Exod 20:20; Deut 25:18; 1Sam 12:24; 2Chr 19:7; Neh 5:9, Neh 5:15; Ps 19:9; Prov 1:7; Jer 22:16; Mal 3:5; Luke 12:5; Acts 9:31, Acts 10:2, Acts 10:35; Rom 3:18, Rom 11:20


18
Wherefore Lev 19:37; Ps 103:18

and ye Lev 26:3-12; Deut 12:10, Deut 28:1-14, Deut 33:12, Deut 33:28; Ps 4:8; Prov 1:33; Jer 7:3-7; Jer 23:6, Jer 25:5, Jer 33:16; Ezek 33:24-26, Ezek 33:29, Ezek 34:25-28, Ezek 36:24-28


19
Lev 26:5; Ps 67:6, Ps 85:12; Isa 30:23, Isa 65:21-22; Ezek 34:25-28, Ezek 36:30; Joel 2:24, Joel 2:26


20
Num 11:4, Num 11:13; 2Kgs 6:15-17, 2Kgs 7:2; 2Chr 25:9; Ps 78:19-20; Isa 1:2; Matt 6:25-34, Matt 8:26; Luke 12:29; Phil 4:6; Heb 13:5-6


21
I will As it is here graciously promised, that the sixth year was to bring forth fruits for three years, not merely for two, it is evident that both the sabbatical year and the year of jubilee were distinctly provided for. They were not to sow from the sixth to the eighth year, omitting two seed times; nor reap from the sixth to the ninth, omitting two harvests. No legislator, unless conscious of being divinely commissioned, would have committed himself by enacting such a law as this; nor would any people have submitted to receive it, except in consequence of the fullest conviction that a divine authority had dictated it. It therefore stands as a proof that Moses acted by the express direction of the Almighty, and that the people were fully persuaded of the reality of his divine mission by the miracles he wrought. Gen 26:12, Gen 41:47; Exod 16:29; Deut 28:3, Deut 28:8; Ps 133:3; Prov 10:22; 2Cor 9:10

three years Lev 25:4, Lev 25:8-11


22
eighth 2Kgs 19:29; Isa 37:30

old fruit Josh 5:11-12


23
The land Lev 25:10; 1Kgs 21:3; Ezek 48:14

for ever or, to be quite cut off, Heb. for cutting off, for the land. Deut 32:43; 2Chr 7:20; Ps 24:1, Ps 85:1; Isa 8:8; Hos 9:3; Joel 2:18, Joel 3:2

for ye are Gen 47:9; 1Chr 29:15; Ps 39:12, Ps 119:19; Heb 11:9-13; 1Pet 2:11


24
redemption Lev 25:27, Lev 25:31, Lev 25:51-53; Rom 8:23; 1Cor 1:30; Eph 1:7, Eph 1:14, Eph 4:30


25
Ruth 2:20, Ruth 3:2, Ruth 3:9, Ruth 3:12, Ruth 4:4-6; Jer 32:7-8; 2Cor 8:9; Heb 2:13-14; Rev 5:9


26
himself be able to redeem it Heb. his hand hath attained, and found sufficiency, Lev 5:7 *marg.


27
Lev 25:50-53


28
and in the Lev 25:13

he shall Isa 35:9-10; Jer 32:15; 1Cor 15:52-54; 1Thess 4:13-18; 1Pet 1:4-5


29
A very proper difference is here made between houses in a city and houses in the country. The former might be redeemed any time in the course of a year; but after that time could not be redeemed, or go out with the Jubilee. The latter might be redeemed at any time; and if not redeemed must go out with the jubilee. The reason in both cases is sufficiently evident; the house in the city might be built merely for the purposes of trade or traffic - the house in the country was builded on, or attached to, the inheritance which God had divided to the respective families. It was therefore necessary that the same law should apply to the house as to the inheritance; which necessity did not exist with regard to the house in the city. And, as the house in the city might be purchased for the purpose of trade, it would be very inconvenient for the purchaser, when his business was established, to be obliged to remove.


31
they may be redeemed Heb. redemption belongeth unto it, Ps 49:7-8


32
the cities As the Levites had no inheritance in Israel, but only cities to dwell in; and consequently the houses in these cities were all they could call their own, therefore they could not be ultimately alienated. Num 35:2-8; Josh 21:1-45


33
a man purchase of the Levites or, one of the Levites redeem them

shall go Lev 25:28

for the houses Num 18:20-24; Deut 18:1-2


34
Lev 25:23; Acts 4:36-37


35
thy brother Lev 25:25; Deut 15:7-8; Prov 14:20-21, Prov 17:5, Prov 19:17; Mark 14:7; John 12:8; 2Cor 8:9; Jas 2:5-6

fallen in decay Heb. his hand faileth

then Ps 37:26, Ps 41:1, Ps 112:5, Ps 112:9; Prov 14:31; Luke 6:35; Acts 11:29; Rom 12:13, Rom 12:18, Rom 12:20; 2Cor 9:1, 2Cor 9:12-15; Gal 2:10; 1John 3:17

relieve Heb. strengthen

a stranger Lev 19:34; Exod 23:9; Deut 10:18-19; Matt 25:35; Heb 13:2


36
usury Exod 22:25; Deut 23:19-20; Neh 5:7-10; Ps 15:5; Prov 28:8; Ezek 18:8, Ezek 18:13, Ezek 18:17; Ezek 22:12

fear Lev 25:17; Neh 5:9, Neh 5:15


38
which Exod 20:2

and to be Lev 11:45, Lev 22:32-33; Num 15:41; Jer 31:1, Jer 31:33, Jer 32:38; Heb 11:16


39
be sold Exod 21:2, Exod 22:3; Deut 15:12; 1Kgs 9:22; 2Kgs 4:1; Neh 5:5; Jer 34:14

compel him to serve as Heb. serve thyself with him with the service of, etc. Lev 25:46 *marg. Exod 1:14; Jer 25:14, Jer 27:7, Jer 30:8


40
Exod 21:2-3


41
then shall Exod 21:3; John 8:32; Rom 6:14; Titus 2:14

shall return Lev 25:10, Lev 25:28


42
my servants Lev 25:55; Rom 6:22; 1Cor 7:21-23

as bondmen Heb. with the sale of a bondman


43
rule Lev 25:46, Lev 25:53; Exod 1:13-14, Exod 2:23, Exod 3:7, Exod 3:9, Exod 5:14; Isa 47:6, Isa 58:3; Eph 6:9; Col 4:1

but shalt Lev 25:17; Exod 1:17, Exod 1:21; Deut 25:18; Mal 3:5


44
Exod 12:44; Ps 2:8-9; Isa 14:1-2; Rev 2:26-27


45
Isa 56:3-6


46
And ye shall Isa 14:2

they shall be your bondmen for ever Heb. ye shall serve yourselves with them, Lev 25:39

ye shall not rule Lev 25:43


47
sojourner or stranger wax rich Heb. the hand of a stranger, etc. obtain, etc. Lev 25:26; 1Sam 2:7-8; Jas 2:5


48
Lev 25:25, Lev 25:35; Neh 5:5, Neh 5:8; Gal 4:4-5; Heb 2:11-13


49
or if he be Lev 25:26


50
reckon Lev 25:27

price of his sale This was a very equitable law, both to the sojourner to whom the man was sold, and to the Israelite who had been sold. The Israelite might redeem himself, or one of his kindred might redeem him; but this must not be done to the prejudice of his master. They were therefore to reckon the years he must have served, from that time till the jubilee; and then taking the current wages of a servant, per year, at that time, multiply the remaining years by that sum, and the aggregate was to be given to his master for his redemption. The Jews hold that the kindred of such a person were bound, if in their power, to redeem him, lest he should be swallowed up among the heathen; and we find (Neh 5:8) that this was done by the Jews on their return from the Babylonish captivity.

according to the time Lev 25:40, Lev 25:53; Deut 15:18; Job 7:1-2, Job 14:6; Isa 16:14, Isa 21:16


52
jubilee The jubilee was a wonderful institution, and of great service to the religion, freedom, and independence of the Hebrews. It was calculated to prevent the rich from oppressing the poor, and reducing them to perpetual slavery; and to hinder their obtaining possession of all the lands by purchase, mortgage, or usurpation. It was further intended, that debts should not be multiplied too much, lest the poor should be entirely ruined; that slaves should not always continue in servitude; that personal liberty, equality of property, and the regular order of families might, as much as possible, be preserved; and that the people might thus be strongly attached to their country, lands, and inheritances.


53
Lev 25:43


54
in these years or, by these means

then Lev 25:40-41; Exod 21:2-3; Isa 49:9, Isa 49:25, Isa 52:3


55
my servants Lev 25:42; Exod 13:3, Exod 20:2; Ps 116:16; Isa 43:3; Luke 1:74-75; Rom 6:14, Rom 6:17-18; Rom 6:22; 1Cor 7:22-23, 1Cor 9:19, 1Cor 9:21; Gal 5:13


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