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Chapter 21
1
the judgments Lev 18:5, Lev 18:26, Lev 19:37, Lev 20:22; Num 35:24, Num 36:13; Deut 5:1, Deut 5:31, Deut 6:20; 1Kgs 6:12; 2Chr 19:10; Neh 9:13-14, Neh 10:29; Ps 147:19; Ezek 20:11, Ezek 20:25; Mal 4:4
which Exod 19:7, Exod 24:3-4; Deut 4:5, Deut 4:8, Deut 4:14, Deut 4:45, Deut 6:20; Matt 28:20; 1Thess 4:1
2
an Hebrew Exod 12:44, Exod 22:3; Gen 27:28, Gen 27:36; Lev 25:39-41, Lev 25:44; 2Kgs 4:1; Neh 5:1-5, Neh 5:8; Matt 18:25; 1Cor 6:20
and in the Lev 25:40-43, Lev 25:45; Deut 15:1, Deut 15:12-15, Deut 15:18, Deut 31:10; Jer 34:8-17
3
by himself Heb. with his body, Deut 15:12-14
4
shall be her Exod 4:22; Gen 14:14, Gen 15:3, Gen 17:13, Gen 17:27, Gen 18:19; Eccl 2:7; Jer 2:14
5
And if Deut 15:16-17; Isa 26:13; 2Cor 5:14-15
shall plainly say Heb. saying shall say
6
the judges Exod 21:22, Exod 12:12, Exod 18:21-26, Exod 22:8-9, Exod 22:28; Num 25:5-8; Deut 1:16, Deut 16:18; Deut 19:17-18; 1Sam 8:1-2; Isa 1:26; Zeph 3:3
bore his ear This significant ceremony was intended as a mark of permanent servitude, and was calculated to impress the servant with the duty of hearing all his master's orders, and obeying them punctually. Ps 40:6-8
for ever Lev 25:23, Lev 25:40; Deut 15:17; 1Sam 1:22, 1Sam 27:12, 1Sam 28:2; 1Kgs 12:7
7
sell Neh 5:5
go out Exod 21:2-3
8
please not Heb. be evil in the eyes of, etc. Gen 28:8; Judg 14:3; 1Sam 8:6, 1Sam 18:8 *marg.
who hath Deut 20:7, Deut 21:11-14
seeing Exod 8:29; Judg 9:19; Job 6:15; Mal 2:11-15
9
betrothed her unto Exod 22:17; Gen 38:11; Lev 22:13
10
her food Sheairah, "her flesh;" he shall not only afford her a sufficient quantity of food, as before, but of the same quality. She is not to be fed, like a common slave, with a sufficiency of bread, vegetables, milk, etc., but with her customary supply of flesh, and other agreeable articles of food. 1Cor 7:1-6
11
Exod 21:2
12
Exod 20:13; Gen 9:6; Lev 24:17; Num 35:16-24, Num 35:30-31; Deut 19:11-13; 2Sam 12:13; Matt 26:52
13
lie not Num 35:11, Num 35:22; Deut 19:4-6, Deut 19:11; Mic 7:2
God 1Sam 24:4, 1Sam 24:10, 1Sam 24:18; 2Sam 16:10; Isa 10:7
I will appoint Num 35:11; Deut 4:41-43, Deut 19:1-3, Deut 19:9; Josh 20:2-9
14
presumptuously Num 15:30-31; Deut 1:43, Deut 17:12-13, Deut 18:22, Deut 19:11-13; 1Kgs 2:29-34; Ps 19:13; Heb 10:26; 2Pet 2:10
slay Num 35:20-21; Deut 27:24; 2Sam 3:27, 2Sam 20:9-10
take him 1Kgs 1:50-51, 1Kgs 2:28-34; 2Kgs 11:15
15
To smite either father or mother, in a manner which indicated either contempt or malice, or left marks of violence, was deemed a proof of so ungrateful and unnatural a disposition, that no provocation was admitted as an excuse, but the offence was made capital. Nay, he who cursed his father or mother, who uttered imprecations, ill wishes, or revilings, against a parent, was included in the same sense; though few crimes were made capital by the law of Moses. The law of God, as delegated to parents is honoured when they are honoured, and despised when they are despised, and to rebel against the lawful exercise of this authority is rebellion against God. - Rev. T. Scott
Deut 21:18-21, Deut 27:24; Prov 30:11, Prov 30:17; 1Tim 1:9
16
stealeth Gen 40:15; Deut 24:7; 1Tim 1:10; Rev 18:12
selleth him Gen 37:28
found in Exod 22:4
17
curseth or, revilteth, Lev 20:9; Deut 27:16; Prov 20:20, Prov 30:11, Prov 30:17; Matt 15:3-6; Mark 7:10-11
18
men Exod 21:22, Exod 2:13; Deut 25:11; 2Sam 14:6
another or, his neighbour
a stone Exod 21:20; Num 35:16-24
19
upon his staff 2Sam 3:29; Zech 8:4
only he shall pay This was a wise and excellent institution. The same provision is made in the civil law; and most courts of justice still regulate their decisions in such cases by this Mosaic precept.
the loss Heb. his ceasing
20
smite Exod 21:26-27; Deut 19:21; Prov 29:19; Isa 58:3-4
he shall Gen 9:6; Num 35:30-33
punished Heb. avenged, Gen 4:15, Gen 4:24; Num 35:19; Rom 13:4
21
Lev 25:45-46
22
strive Exod 21:18
as the judges Exod 21:30; Deut 16:18, Deut 22:18-19
23
life for life Num 35:31
24
This is the earliest account we have of the ταυτοπαθεια, tautopatheia, Lex Talionis, law of like for like.
Exod 21:26-27; Lev 24:19-20; Deut 19:21; Judg 1:6-7; 1Sam 15:33; Matt 5:38-40, Matt 7:2; Luke 6:38; Rev 16:6
26
Exod 21:20; Deut 16:19; Neh 5:5; Job 31:13-15; Ps 9:12, Ps 10:14, Ps 10:18, Ps 72:12-14; Prov 22:22-23; Eph 6:9; Col 4:1
27
smite Exod 21:19
28
the ox Exod 21:32; Gen 9:5-6; Lev 20:15-16
29
his owner also Deut 21:1-9
30
for the ransom Exod 21:22, Exod 30:12; Num 35:31-33; Prov 13:8
31
judgment or, sentence, Exod 21:31
32
Gen 37:28; Zech 11:12-13; Matt 26:15, Matt 27:3-9; Phil 2:7
and the ox Exod 21:28-29
33
Ps 9:15, Ps 119:85; Prov 28:10; Eccl 10:8; Jer 18:20, Jer 18:22
34
Exod 21:29-30, Exod 22:6, Exod 22:14
36
Exod 21:29
1
the judgments Lev 18:5, Lev 18:26, Lev 19:37, Lev 20:22; Num 35:24, Num 36:13; Deut 5:1, Deut 5:31, Deut 6:20; 1Kgs 6:12; 2Chr 19:10; Neh 9:13-14, Neh 10:29; Ps 147:19; Ezek 20:11, Ezek 20:25; Mal 4:4
which Exod 19:7, Exod 24:3-4; Deut 4:5, Deut 4:8, Deut 4:14, Deut 4:45, Deut 6:20; Matt 28:20; 1Thess 4:1
2
an Hebrew Exod 12:44, Exod 22:3; Gen 27:28, Gen 27:36; Lev 25:39-41, Lev 25:44; 2Kgs 4:1; Neh 5:1-5, Neh 5:8; Matt 18:25; 1Cor 6:20
and in the Lev 25:40-43, Lev 25:45; Deut 15:1, Deut 15:12-15, Deut 15:18, Deut 31:10; Jer 34:8-17
3
by himself Heb. with his body, Deut 15:12-14
4
shall be her Exod 4:22; Gen 14:14, Gen 15:3, Gen 17:13, Gen 17:27, Gen 18:19; Eccl 2:7; Jer 2:14
5
And if Deut 15:16-17; Isa 26:13; 2Cor 5:14-15
shall plainly say Heb. saying shall say
6
the judges Exod 21:22, Exod 12:12, Exod 18:21-26, Exod 22:8-9, Exod 22:28; Num 25:5-8; Deut 1:16, Deut 16:18; Deut 19:17-18; 1Sam 8:1-2; Isa 1:26; Zeph 3:3
bore his ear This significant ceremony was intended as a mark of permanent servitude, and was calculated to impress the servant with the duty of hearing all his master's orders, and obeying them punctually. Ps 40:6-8
for ever Lev 25:23, Lev 25:40; Deut 15:17; 1Sam 1:22, 1Sam 27:12, 1Sam 28:2; 1Kgs 12:7
7
sell Neh 5:5
go out Exod 21:2-3
8
please not Heb. be evil in the eyes of, etc. Gen 28:8; Judg 14:3; 1Sam 8:6, 1Sam 18:8 *marg.
who hath Deut 20:7, Deut 21:11-14
seeing Exod 8:29; Judg 9:19; Job 6:15; Mal 2:11-15
9
betrothed her unto Exod 22:17; Gen 38:11; Lev 22:13
10
her food Sheairah, "her flesh;" he shall not only afford her a sufficient quantity of food, as before, but of the same quality. She is not to be fed, like a common slave, with a sufficiency of bread, vegetables, milk, etc., but with her customary supply of flesh, and other agreeable articles of food. 1Cor 7:1-6
11
Exod 21:2
12
Exod 20:13; Gen 9:6; Lev 24:17; Num 35:16-24, Num 35:30-31; Deut 19:11-13; 2Sam 12:13; Matt 26:52
13
lie not Num 35:11, Num 35:22; Deut 19:4-6, Deut 19:11; Mic 7:2
God 1Sam 24:4, 1Sam 24:10, 1Sam 24:18; 2Sam 16:10; Isa 10:7
I will appoint Num 35:11; Deut 4:41-43, Deut 19:1-3, Deut 19:9; Josh 20:2-9
14
presumptuously Num 15:30-31; Deut 1:43, Deut 17:12-13, Deut 18:22, Deut 19:11-13; 1Kgs 2:29-34; Ps 19:13; Heb 10:26; 2Pet 2:10
slay Num 35:20-21; Deut 27:24; 2Sam 3:27, 2Sam 20:9-10
take him 1Kgs 1:50-51, 1Kgs 2:28-34; 2Kgs 11:15
15
To smite either father or mother, in a manner which indicated either contempt or malice, or left marks of violence, was deemed a proof of so ungrateful and unnatural a disposition, that no provocation was admitted as an excuse, but the offence was made capital. Nay, he who cursed his father or mother, who uttered imprecations, ill wishes, or revilings, against a parent, was included in the same sense; though few crimes were made capital by the law of Moses. The law of God, as delegated to parents is honoured when they are honoured, and despised when they are despised, and to rebel against the lawful exercise of this authority is rebellion against God. - Rev. T. Scott
Deut 21:18-21, Deut 27:24; Prov 30:11, Prov 30:17; 1Tim 1:9
16
stealeth Gen 40:15; Deut 24:7; 1Tim 1:10; Rev 18:12
selleth him Gen 37:28
found in Exod 22:4
17
curseth or, revilteth, Lev 20:9; Deut 27:16; Prov 20:20, Prov 30:11, Prov 30:17; Matt 15:3-6; Mark 7:10-11
18
men Exod 21:22, Exod 2:13; Deut 25:11; 2Sam 14:6
another or, his neighbour
a stone Exod 21:20; Num 35:16-24
19
upon his staff 2Sam 3:29; Zech 8:4
only he shall pay This was a wise and excellent institution. The same provision is made in the civil law; and most courts of justice still regulate their decisions in such cases by this Mosaic precept.
the loss Heb. his ceasing
20
smite Exod 21:26-27; Deut 19:21; Prov 29:19; Isa 58:3-4
he shall Gen 9:6; Num 35:30-33
punished Heb. avenged, Gen 4:15, Gen 4:24; Num 35:19; Rom 13:4
21
Lev 25:45-46
22
strive Exod 21:18
as the judges Exod 21:30; Deut 16:18, Deut 22:18-19
23
life for life Num 35:31
24
This is the earliest account we have of the ταυτοπαθεια, tautopatheia, Lex Talionis, law of like for like.
Exod 21:26-27; Lev 24:19-20; Deut 19:21; Judg 1:6-7; 1Sam 15:33; Matt 5:38-40, Matt 7:2; Luke 6:38; Rev 16:6
26
Exod 21:20; Deut 16:19; Neh 5:5; Job 31:13-15; Ps 9:12, Ps 10:14, Ps 10:18, Ps 72:12-14; Prov 22:22-23; Eph 6:9; Col 4:1
27
smite Exod 21:19
28
the ox Exod 21:32; Gen 9:5-6; Lev 20:15-16
29
his owner also Deut 21:1-9
30
for the ransom Exod 21:22, Exod 30:12; Num 35:31-33; Prov 13:8
31
judgment or, sentence, Exod 21:31
32
Gen 37:28; Zech 11:12-13; Matt 26:15, Matt 27:3-9; Phil 2:7
and the ox Exod 21:28-29
33
Ps 9:15, Ps 119:85; Prov 28:10; Eccl 10:8; Jer 18:20, Jer 18:22
34
Exod 21:29-30, Exod 22:6, Exod 22:14
36
Exod 21:29