Chapter 12

2
am 2513, bc 1491, An, Exod, Isr, 1, Abib or Nisan, Exod 13:4, Exod 23:15, Exod 34:18; Lev 23:5; Num 28:16; Deut 16:1; Esth 3:7


3
Speak ye Exod 4:30, Exod 6:6, Exod 14:15, Exod 20:19; Lev 1:2

in the tenth Exod 12:6; John 12:1, John 12:12

take to Gen 4:4, Gen 22:8; 1Sam 7:9; John 1:29, John 1:36; 1Cor 5:7; Rev 5:6-13, Rev 7:9-14, Rev 13:8

lamb or, kid, The word seh means the young of both sheep and goats, and may be indifferently rendered either lamb or kid. It is evident from Exod 12:5 that the Hebrews might take either; but they generally preferred a lamb, from being of a more gentle nature. Lev 5:6; Num 15:11; 2Chr 35:7

an house The Israelites were divided into twelve tribes, these tribes into families, the families into houses, and the houses into particular persons. Num 1:1-54; Josh 7:14


5
be without Lev 1:3, Lev 1:10, Lev 22:19-24; Deut 17:1; Mal 1:7-8, Mal 1:14; Heb 7:26, Heb 9:13-14; 1Pet 1:18-19

a male of the first year Heb. son of a year, Lev 23:12; 1Sam 13:1 *marg.


6
fourteenth Lev 23:5; Num 9:3, Num 28:16, Num 28:18; Deut 16:1-6; 2Chr 30:15; Ezek 45:21

the whole 2Chr 30:15-18; Isa 53:6; Matt 27:20, Matt 27:25; Mark 15:1, Mark 15:8, Mark 15:11, Mark 15:25, Mark 15:33-34; Luke 23:1, Luke 23:18; Acts 2:23, Acts 3:14, Acts 4:27

in the evening Heb. between the two evenings, The Jews divided the day into morning and evening. Till the sun passed the meridian, all was morning or forenoon; after that, all was evening or afternoon. Their first evening began just after twelve o'clock, and continued till sunset; their second evening began at sunset, and continued till night, i.e., during the whole time of twilight; between twelve o'clock, therefore, and the termination of twilight, the passover was to be offered (see parallel passages). Exod 16:12; Matt 27:46-50


7
Exod 12:22-23; Eph 1:7; Heb 9:13-14, Heb 9:22, Heb 10:14, Heb 10:29, Heb 11:28; 1Pet 1:2


8
eat the Matt 26:26; John 6:52-57

roast Deut 16:7; Ps 22:14; Isa 53:10

unleavened Exod 13:3, Exod 13:7, Exod 34:25; Num 9:11; Deut 16:3; Amos 4:5; Matt 16:12; 1Cor 5:6-8; Gal 5:9

with bitter Exod 1:14; Num 9:11; Zech 12:10; 1Thess 1:6


9
but roast with fire Exod 12:8; Deut 16:7; Lam 1:13


10
Exod 23:18, Exod 29:34, Exod 34:25; Lev 7:15-17, Lev 22:30; Deut 16:4-5


11
loins Matt 26:19-20; Luke 12:35; Eph 6:15; 1Pet 1:13

shoes Luke 7:38, Luke 15:22; Eph 6:15

it is the Exod 12:27; Lev 23:5; Num 28:16; Deut 16:2-6; 1Cor 5:7


12
pass Exod 12:23, Exod 11:4-5; Amos 5:17

will smite Exod 12:29-30, Exod 11:4-6

against Num 33:4; 1Sam 5:3, 1Sam 6:5; 1Chr 14:12; Isa 19:1; Jer 43:13; Zeph 2:11

gods or, princes, Exod 21:6, Exod 22:28; Ps 82:1, Ps 82:6; John 10:34-35

I am the Lord Exod 6:2; Isa 43:11-15; Ezek 12:16


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the blood Exod 12:23; Gen 17:11; Josh 2:12; Heb 11:28

and when 1Thess 1:10; 1John 1:7

to destroy you Heb. for a destruction


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memorial Exod 13:9; Num 16:40; Josh 4:7; Ps 111:4, Ps 135:13; Zech 6:14; Matt 26:13; Luke 22:19; 1Cor 11:23-26

a feast Exod 5:1; Deut 16:11; Neh 8:9-12

by an ordinance Exod 12:17, Exod 12:24, Exod 12:43, Exod 13:10; Lev 23:4-5; Num 10:8, Num 18:8; Deut 16:1; 1Sam 30:25; 2Kgs 23:21; Ezek 46:14; 1Cor 5:7-8


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Seven Exod 12:8, Exod 13:6, Exod 13:7-10, Exod 23:15, Exod 34:18, Exod 34:25; Lev 23:5-8; Num 28:17; Deut 16:3, Deut 16:5, Deut 16:8; Matt 16:12; Luke 12:1; Acts 12:3

that soul Exod 12:19-20, Exod 31:14; Gen 17:14; Lev 17:10, Lev 17:14; Num 9:13; Mal 2:12; Gal 5:12


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first day Lev 23:2-3, Lev 23:7-8, Lev 23:21, Lev 23:24-25, Lev 23:27, Lev 23:35; Num 28:18, Num 28:25, Num 29:1, Num 29:12

no manner Exod 16:5, Exod 16:23, Exod 16:29, Exod 20:10, Exod 35:2-3; Jer 17:21-22, man Heb. soul


17
in this selfsame Exod 7:5, Exod 13:8; Num 20:16

an ordinance Exod 12:14


18
Exod 12:1, Exod 12:15; Lev 23:5-6; Num 28:16


19
Seven Exod 23:15, Exod 34:18; Deut 16:3; 1Cor 5:7-8

even that Exod 12:15; Num 9:13

whether Exod 12:43, Exod 12:48


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elders Exod 3:16, Exod 17:5, Exod 19:7; Num 11:16

and take Exod 12:3; Num 9:2-5; Josh 5:10; 2Kgs 23:21; 2Chr 30:15-17, 2Chr 35:5-6; Ezra 6:20; Matt 26:17-19; Mark 14:12-16; Luke 22:7-13; 1Cor 10:4

lamb or, kid, Exod 12:3 *marg.

the passover That is, the lamb which was called the paschal, or passover lamb; the animal sacrificed obtaining the name of the institution. St. Paul copies the expression in 1Cor 5:7.


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a bunch Lev 14:6-7; Num 19:18; Ps 51:7; Heb 9:1, Heb 9:14, Heb 9:19, Heb 11:28, Heb 12:24; 1Pet 1:2

hyssop The word aizov, which has been variously rendered, most probably denotes Hyssop; whence are derived the Chaldee aizova, Syriac zupha, Arabic zupha, Ethiopic azab, and hushopa, Greek υσσωπος, hussopos G5301, Latin hyssopus, German usop, and our hyssop, a name retained, with little variation, in all the western languages. It is a plant of the gymnospermia (naked seeded) order, belonging to the didynamia class. It has bushy stalks, growing a foot and a half high; small spear-shaped, close-sitting, and opposite leaves, with several smaller ones rising from the same joint; and all the stalks and branches terminated by erect whorled spikes of flowers, of different colours in the varieties of the plant. The leaves have an aromatic smell, and a warm, pungent taste. Its detersive, cleansing, and medicinal qualities were probably the reason why it was so particularly recommended in Scripture.

strike Exod 12:7

and none Matt 26:30


23
will pass through Exod 12:12-13

and will not 2Sam 24:16; Isa 37:36; Ezek 9:4, Ezek 9:6; 1Cor 10:10; Heb 11:28, Heb 12:24; Rev 7:3, Rev 9:4


24
Exod 12:14; Gen 17:8-10


25
when Deut 4:5, Deut 12:8-9, Deut 16:5-9; Josh 5:10-12; Ps 105:44-45

according Exod 3:8, Exod 3:17


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your children Exod 13:8-9, Exod 13:14-15, Exod 13:22; Deut 6:7, Deut 11:19, Deut 32:7; Josh 4:6-7, Josh 4:21-24; Ps 78:3-6; Ps 145:4; Isa 38:19; Eph 6:4


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It is the sacrifice Exod 12:11, Exod 12:23, Exod 34:25; Deut 16:2, Deut 16:5; 1Cor 5:7

bowed Exod 4:31, Exod 34:8; 1Chr 29:20; 2Chr 20:18, 2Chr 29:30; Neh 8:6


28
Heb 11:28


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at midnight Exod 12:12, Exod 11:4, Exod 13:15; Job 34:20; 1Thess 5:2-3

the Lord smote The infliction of this judgment on the Egyptians was most equitable; because, after their nation had been preserved by one of the Israelitish family, they had, contrary to all right, and in defiance of original stipulation, enslaved the people to whom they had been so much indebted, had murdered their offspring, and made their bondage intolerable. See Bryant, p. 160. Num 3:13, Num 8:17, Num 33:4; Ps 78:51, Ps 105:36, Ps 135:8, Ps 136:10; Heb 11:28; Heb 12:23

the firstborn of Pharaoh Exod 4:23, Exod 11:5

dungeon Heb. house of the pit, Isa 24:22, Isa 51:14; Jer 38:6, Jer 38:13; Zech 9:11


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and there was a great cry No people were more remarkable and frantic in their mournings than the Egyptians. When a relative died, every one left the house, and the women, with their hair loose, and their bosoms bare, ran wild about the street. The men also, with their apparel equally disordered, kept them company; all shrieking, howling, and beating themselves. What a scene of horror and distress must now have presented itself, when there was not a family in Egypt where there was not one dead! Exod 11:6; Prov 21:13; Amos 5:17; Matt 25:6; Jas 2:13


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called Exod 10:29

Rise up Exod 3:19-20, Exod 6:1, Exod 11:1, Exod 11:8; Ps 105:38

the children Exod 10:9


32
your flocks Exod 10:26

bless me Exod 8:28, Exod 9:28; Gen 27:34, Gen 27:38


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urgent Exod 11:1; Ps 105:38

We be all Gen 20:3; Num 17:12-13


34
kneading troughs, or, dough, Exod 8:3; Probably like the kneading-troughs of the Arabs; comparatively small wooden bowls, which also serve them for dishes. Their being bound up in their clothes may mean no more than their being wrapped up in their hykes, or long, loose, garments. See Shaw's Travels, p. 224, 4to. edit.


35
Exod 3:21-22, Exod 11:2-3; Gen 15:14; Ps 105:37


36
the Lord Exod 3:21, Exod 11:3; Gen 39:21; Prov 16:7; Dan 1:9; Acts 2:47, Acts 7:10

they spoiled Exod 3:22; Gen 15:14; Ps 105:37


37
the children Num 33:3, Num 33:5

Rameses Exod 1:11; Gen 47:11

six hundred Exod 38:26; Gen 12:2, Gen 15:5, Gen 46:3; Num 1:46, Num 11:21


38
And a mixed multitude Heb. a great mixture, Num 11:4; Zech 8:23


39
thrust Exod 12:33, Exod 6:1, Exod 11:1


40
The Samaritan Pentateuch reads, "Now the sojourning of the children of Israel, and of their fathers in the land of Canaan and in the land of Egypt, was 430 years." The Alexandrine copy of the LXX has the same reading; and the same statement is made by the apostle Paul, in Gal 3:17, who reckons from the promise made to Abraham to the giving of the law. That these three witnesses have the truth, the chronology itself proves; for it is evident that the descendants of Israel did not dwell 430 years in Egypt; while it is equally evident, that the period from Abraham's entry into Canaan to the Exodus, is exactly that number. Thus, from Abraham's entrance into the promised land to the birth of Isaac, was 25 years; Isaac was 60 at the birth of Jacob; Jacob was 130 at his going into Egypt; where he and his children continued 215 years more; making in the whole 430 years. See Kennicott's Dissertation on the Hebrew Text.

sojourning Acts 13:17; Heb 11:9

four hundred Gen 12:1-3, Gen 15:13; Acts 7:6; Gal 3:16-17


41
selfsame Ps 102:13; Dan 9:24; Hab 2:3; John 7:8; Acts 1:7

hosts Exod 12:51, Exod 7:4; Josh 5:14


42
a night to be much observed Heb. a night of observations, observed. Exod 12:14; Deut 16:1-6


43
There shall Exod 12:48; Lev 22:10; Num 9:14; Eph 2:12


44
circumcised Gen 17:12-13, Gen 17:23


45
Lev 22:10; Eph 2:12


46
one house 1Cor 12:12; Eph 2:19-22

neither Num 9:12; John 19:33, John 19:36


47
All the Exod 12:3, Exod 12:6; Num 9:13

keep it Heb. do it


48
a stranger Exod 12:43; Num 9:14, Num 15:15-16

let all Gen 17:12; Ezek 44:9, Ezek 47:22

shall be Gal 3:28; Col 3:11


49
Lev 24:22; Num 9:14, Num 15:15-16, Num 15:29; Gal 3:28; Col 3:11


50
as the Lord Deut 4:1-2, Deut 12:32; Matt 7:24-25, Matt 28:20; John 2:5, John 13:17, John 15:14; Rev 22:15, by their armies, Exod 12:41, Exod 6:26, Exod 7:4


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